Oxygen Prescribing Flashcards
how does oxygen therapy work basically?
taps above bed deliver oxygen at 100% concentration
then its put through different devices at different rates to adjust the oxygen concentration that the patient breathes in
what does the percentage of oxygen inspired depend on?
flow rate
delivery device
flow rate of oxygen can range from what?
0-15L per min
types of oxygen delivery devices?
nasal cannulae hudson mask venturi mask non-rebreather CPAP/BiPAP (non-invasive ventilation) invasive ventilation
when is nasal cannula used?
non-acute situations
or if only mildly hypoxic
(eg saturations stable at 92% in patient without any lung disease)
how is oxygen given through nasal cannula?
flow rate = 1-4L/min
delivers 24-30% oxygen
when is a hudson mask used?
rarely
just the mask and a tube, basically just a simple mask
how is oxygen given through a hudson mask?
flow rate = 5-10L/min
delivers 30-40% oxygen
which one is the venturi mask?
facemask with the coloured attachments
how is oxygen delivered via venturi mask?
flow rate varies with each coloured attachment
can give 24-60% oxygen
(flow rate is shown on each attachment along with % oxygen delivered)
types of venturi attachment?
blue white yellow red green
blue attachment oxygen delivery?
2-4L/min
gives 24% oxygen
white attachment oxygen delivery?
4-6L/min
gives 28% oxygen
yellow attachment oxygen delivery?
8-10L/min
gives 35% oxygen
red attachment oxygen delivery?
10-12L/min
gives 40% oxygen
green attachment oxygen delivery?
12-15L/min
gives 60% oxygen
when are venturi masks used?
often used in COPD where its important not to over-oxygenate the patient
which one is the non-rebreather?
the mask with the bag
bag on the mask fills with oxygen and has valve which stops almost all re-breathing of expired air
how is oxygen delivered via non-rebreather?
15L flow rate
delivers 85-90% oxygen
when is non-rebreather used?
for acutely unwell patients
remember sats should be maintained at 94-98% not 100%
dont keep on for longer than needed as over oxygenating can cause harm
how does CPAP work?
continuous positive airway pressure
high pressure oxygen given through tight-fitting mask tight fitting mask
positive pressure all the time to keep alveoli open
when is CPAP used?
acute pulmonary oedema
sleep apnoea
lots of things tbh if other masks not working
what is BiPAP?
bilevel positive airway pressure
gives high pressure on inspiration and lower pressure on expiration
when is BiPAP used?
exacerbations of COPD and ARDS
