Oxygen Prescribing

Question 1

how does oxygen therapy work basically?

Answer 1

taps above bed deliver oxygen at 100% concentration
then its put through different devices at different rates to adjust the oxygen concentration that the patient breathes in

Question 2

what does the percentage of oxygen inspired depend on?

Answer 2

flow rate

delivery device

Question 3

flow rate of oxygen can range from what?

Answer 3

0-15L per min

Question 4

types of oxygen delivery devices?

Answer 4

nasal cannulae
hudson mask
venturi mask
non-rebreather
CPAP/BiPAP (non-invasive ventilation)
invasive ventilation

Question 5

when is nasal cannula used?

Answer 5

non-acute situations
or if only mildly hypoxic
(eg saturations stable at 92% in patient without any lung disease)

Question 6

how is oxygen given through nasal cannula?

Answer 6

flow rate = 1-4L/min

delivers 24-30% oxygen

Question 7

when is a hudson mask used?

Answer 7

rarely

just the mask and a tube, basically just a simple mask

Question 8

how is oxygen given through a hudson mask?

Answer 8

flow rate = 5-10L/min

delivers 30-40% oxygen

Question 9

which one is the venturi mask?

Answer 9

facemask with the coloured attachments

Question 10

how is oxygen delivered via venturi mask?

Answer 10

flow rate varies with each coloured attachment
can give 24-60% oxygen
(flow rate is shown on each attachment along with % oxygen delivered)

Question 11

types of venturi attachment?

Answer 11

blue
white
yellow
red
green

Question 12

blue attachment oxygen delivery?

Answer 12

2-4L/min

gives 24% oxygen

Question 13

white attachment oxygen delivery?

Answer 13

4-6L/min

gives 28% oxygen

Question 14

yellow attachment oxygen delivery?

Answer 14

8-10L/min

gives 35% oxygen

Question 15

red attachment oxygen delivery?

Answer 15

10-12L/min

gives 40% oxygen

Question 16

green attachment oxygen delivery?

Answer 16

12-15L/min

gives 60% oxygen

Question 17

when are venturi masks used?

Answer 17

often used in COPD where its important not to over-oxygenate the patient

Question 18

which one is the non-rebreather?

Answer 18

the mask with the bag

bag on the mask fills with oxygen and has valve which stops almost all re-breathing of expired air

Question 19

how is oxygen delivered via non-rebreather?

Answer 19

15L flow rate

delivers 85-90% oxygen

Question 20

when is non-rebreather used?

Answer 20

for acutely unwell patients
remember sats should be maintained at 94-98% not 100%
dont keep on for longer than needed as over oxygenating can cause harm

Question 21

how does CPAP work?

Answer 21

continuous positive airway pressure
high pressure oxygen given through tight-fitting mask tight fitting mask
positive pressure all the time to keep alveoli open

Question 22

when is CPAP used?

Answer 22

acute pulmonary oedema
sleep apnoea
lots of things tbh if other masks not working

Question 23

what is BiPAP?

Answer 23

bilevel positive airway pressure

gives high pressure on inspiration and lower pressure on expiration

Question 24

when is BiPAP used?

Answer 24

exacerbations of COPD and ARDS