Murmurs Flashcards
1
Q
what is S1?
A
mitral and tricuspid valves closing
2
Q
what is S2?
A
aortic and pulmonary valves closing
3
Q
what is S3?
A
extra sound which is normal in people aged 15-40 but can indicated heart failure in older people
4
Q
when is S4 heart?
A
just before S1
5
Q
is S4 ever normal?
A
no
always pathological
6
Q
what can cause S4?
A
ventricular hypertrophy
7
Q
what special manouvres can be used to hear mitral stenosis better?
A
get patient to lie on left hand side
8
Q
what special manouvre can be used to hear aortic regurgitation better?
A
patient sat up, deep breathe in then out and hold it
9
Q
grades of murmurs?
A
1 = hard to hear 2 = quiet 3 = easy to hear 4 = easy to hear with a thrill 5 = can hear with stethoscope hardly touching chest 6 = can hear with stethoscope not touching chest
