oxygen deficit and steady state (SAC 2)

Question 1

steady state

Answer 1

• period during exercise where oxygen supply is equal to oxygen demand
• indicator that aerobic energy system is the major contributor
• can be recognised in the graph as a straight line

e.g O2 supply = O2 demand

Question 2

steady state in relation to HR & RR and lactate

Answer 2

• once supply of O2 demands are met all physiological parameters will remain constant

blood lactate = remains constant when it’s rate of production is equal to rate of removal

Question 3

oxygen deficit

Answer 3

• when the supply of oxygen to the working muscles has not yet met the demand
• anytime we increase intensity during exercise = oxygen deficit (e.g running faster, uphill, weather)
• commonly at the commencement of activity (due to HR & RR increasing)
• most energy during the beginning of O2 deficit is anaerobic due to the amount of time it takes for the aerobic system to prepare
  HOWEVER = during activity with increase in intensity we use the aerobic system
• can be recognised in the graph as a increasing line (going up)

Question 4

anticipatory rise

Answer 4

• when the body is getting prepared for activity, anticipatory rise helps decrease O2 deficit

Question 5

EPOC

Answer 5

• excess post-exercise oxygen consumption
• the amount of oxygen consumed post activity above that of resting level
• can be recognised in the graph as a decreasing line (going down)

Question 6

EPOC: trying to achieve

Answer 6

• resynthesising muscle fuels (glycogen & triglycerides)
• restoring muscle electrolyte and nutrient balance
• metabolising byproducts like hydrogen ions and lactate

Question 7

EPOC duration

Answer 7

• higher intensity & duration = longer EPOC
• use active recovery with EPOC which will extend EPOC and allow oxidation of hydrogen ions and refuelling
• also eating high GI foods during EPOC for glycogen resynthesis (within first 30 mins after)

Question 8

VO2 maximum

Answer 8

• the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can uptake, distribute and utilise per minute
• elite endurance aerobic athlete = high VO2 max (higher aerobic fitness = higher VO2 max)
• meaning these people are far better at getting oxygen into the system and utilising it to create energy

Question 9

VO2 maximum: uptake

Answer 9

• the body will respond by increasing respiratory acute responses such as BR to increase O2 uptake

Question 10

VO2 maximum: distribute

Answer 10

• the body will respond by increasing cardiovascular acute responses such as HR to increase O2 distribution

Question 11

VO2 maximum: ultilisation

Answer 11

• the body will respond by increasing muscular acute responses such as AVO2 difference to increase O2 utilisation