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CH350 > Oxidative Phosphorylation (Pt. 2) > Flashcards

Oxidative Phosphorylation (Pt. 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three functional components of the ATP synthase complex

A

Rotor, Headpiece and Stator

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2
Q

What is the function of the rotor

A

translating proton-motive force into protein conformational changes in the headpiece

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3
Q

What is the function of the headpiece

A

The beta subunits of the headpiece contain the catalytic sites for ATP synthesis

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4
Q

What is the stator responsible for

A

holds the headpiece in place so it does not turn with the rotor

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5
Q

In yeast, the delta subunit in the headpiece is equivalent to what in the bacterial subunit

A

e subunit

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6
Q

How does the binding change in ATP syntheiss occur

A

y subunit rotates counterclockwise to alter the conformation of the beta subunits

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7
Q

what is the sequential pattern for a single beta unit

A

L -> T -> O -> L

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8
Q

The number of H+ required for each 120 turn of the y subunit depends on ?

A

the number of subunits on the c ring

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9
Q

The yeast ATP synthase complex requires __ H+ for each ATP synthesized

A

3

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10
Q

ATP synthase complex motor runs in ____ under conditions that favor ATP hydrolysis

A

reverse

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11
Q

What can be used as a nanomotor to drive ATP synthesis in the complex?

A

F1 component

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12
Q

What kind of microscopy can reveal rotary catalysis of rotorless F1-ATPase

A

High-speed atomic force microscopy

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13
Q

How does the two channel model drives the rotation of the c ring

A

through alternate protonation and deprotonation of a charged Asp residue in each c subunit

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of ATP/ADP translocase

A

alternating protein conformations that exchange ADP for an ATP

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15
Q

What do atracyloside and bongkrekic acid do

A

differentially block the C and M state in the ATP/ADP translocase

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16
Q

Phosphate translocase can function either as a _______ or _______

A

symporter or antiporter

17
Q

Phosphate translocase symports ____ and ___ across the membrane together

A

H2PO4 and H+

18
Q

Phosphate translocase antiports ____ and ___ across the membrane

A

H2PO4 and OH-

19
Q

How many H+ into the mitochondrial matrix for every ATP

A

4

20
Q

What is the role of the malate-aspartate shuttle

A

moves a pair of electrons from cytosolic NADH to mitochondrial NAD+ using malate

21
Q

What is the role of the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle

A

rapid conversion of redox energy from cytosolic NADH to ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation

22
Q

What stimulates the rate of ATP synthesis and electron flow through the ETC

A

ADP and Pi

23
Q

What does the addition of an upcoupling agent do to the rate of ATP synthesis

A

it has no effect

24
Q

What does 2,4 Dinitrophenol

A

a chemical uncoupler that carries protons across the membrane in response to an electrochemical gradient

25
Q

What do DNP and FCCP do

A

activate proton diffusion down chemical proton gradient

26
Q

What is the uncoupling protein in brown adipose tissue that causes heat production

A

UCP1

27
Q

what does the hazel dormouse rely on for hibernation

A

brown adipose tissue

28
Q

Mitochondrial diseases are ______ inherited

A

maternally

29
Q

In yeast ATP synthase, there are ___ cataylytic sites int the complex

A

3

30
Q

For each 360 degree rotation of the ATP rotor, how many ATP are synthesized

A

3

31
Q

The mitochondria genome is composed of _____-stranded ______ _NA

A

double stranded circular DNA

32
Q

Can NADH or NAD+ cross a lipid bilayer?

A

No!

33
Q

what piece of the ATP synthase complex is directly responsible for ATP synthesis

A

headpiece

34
Q

T or F: the outer mitochondrial membrane establishes the proton motive force

A

F

35
Q

How many of the four electron transport complexes also serve as ion pumps

A

three

36
Q

the prescence of an ion uncouple will increase or decrease the ATP yeild per mole

A

decrease

CH350 (12 decks)

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