Carbohydrate Structure and Function Flashcards

1
Q

what is glycobiology

A

study of glycan structure and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the three major groups of carbohydrates

A

Simple sugars, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the three types of simple sugars

A

monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three types of glycoconjuages

A

glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Human milk oligosaccharides are derived from _____

A

lactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

plants store glucose in the form of _____

A

starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

animals and fungi store glucose in the form of ____

A

glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cellulose is what?

A

a glucose polysaccharide that provides strength to plant cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what do plant walls consist of

A

cellulose fibrilis hydrogen bonded to hemicellulose and pectin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does chitin do

A

provides structural strength to cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T or F: starch exists both of linear and branched homopolymers

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many reducing ends on amylopectin

A

one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how many reducing ends on glycogen

A

many

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the important role in glycoproteins

A

sell signaling and pathogen recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

O-linked glycan groups are attached to ____ or ____ residues

A

serine or threonine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

N-linked glycan groups have ____ residues

A

asparagine

17
Q

what are the core structures for N and O-glycan groups

A

N-linked- GlcNAc2Man3

O-linked- GalNAc

18
Q

In O type blood what enzymes are present

A

Neither GTA or GTB

19
Q

T or F: amylopectin and glycogen are homopolymers of glucose

A

T

20
Q

What makes amylose a resistant starch but not amylopectin?

A

Amylose contains alpha 1,4 glycosidic bonds, where amylopectin contains both alpha 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds

21
Q

Does type A or B blood express alpha-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase?

A

Type A blood

22
Q

What side chain are N-linked glycans linked to

A

Asp side chain

23
Q

What side chain are O-linked glycans linked to

A

Serine or Threonine hydroxyl

24
Q

which enzyme would convert b type blood to O?

A

alpha-galactosidase