Carbohydrate Structure and Function Flashcards
what is glycobiology
study of glycan structure and function
what are the three major groups of carbohydrates
Simple sugars, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates
what are the three types of simple sugars
monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides
What are the three types of glycoconjuages
glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycolipids
Human milk oligosaccharides are derived from _____
lactose
plants store glucose in the form of _____
starch
animals and fungi store glucose in the form of ____
glycogen
cellulose is what?
a glucose polysaccharide that provides strength to plant cell walls
what do plant walls consist of
cellulose fibrilis hydrogen bonded to hemicellulose and pectin
what does chitin do
provides structural strength to cell walls
T or F: starch exists both of linear and branched homopolymers
T
how many reducing ends on amylopectin
one
how many reducing ends on glycogen
many
what is the important role in glycoproteins
sell signaling and pathogen recognition
O-linked glycan groups are attached to ____ or ____ residues
serine or threonine
N-linked glycan groups have ____ residues
asparagine
what are the core structures for N and O-glycan groups
N-linked- GlcNAc2Man3
O-linked- GalNAc
In O type blood what enzymes are present
Neither GTA or GTB
T or F: amylopectin and glycogen are homopolymers of glucose
T
What makes amylose a resistant starch but not amylopectin?
Amylose contains alpha 1,4 glycosidic bonds, where amylopectin contains both alpha 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds
Does type A or B blood express alpha-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase?
Type A blood
What side chain are N-linked glycans linked to
Asp side chain
What side chain are O-linked glycans linked to
Serine or Threonine hydroxyl
which enzyme would convert b type blood to O?
alpha-galactosidase
