oxford Flashcards
دوزیستان
amphibian
✅ فعل ( verb ) : _
✅️ اسم ( noun ) : amphibian
✅️ صفت ( adjective ) : amphibious دوزیست
✅️ قید ( adverb ) : _
amphibian
✅ فعل ( verb ) : _
✅️ اسم ( noun ) : amphibian
✅️ صفت ( adjective ) : amphibious
✅️ قید ( adverb ) : _
دوزیستان
antler
شاخ گوزن
ape
یک میمون بزرگ بدون دم یا با دم بسیار کوتاه مانند گوریل یا شامپانزه
bark
1,2= وغ وغ ( کردن ) سگ
3- پوست درخت
(v) to keep animals for the purpose of producing young animals in a controlled way
(v) (of animals) to have sex and produce young animals
(v) to cause something to happen, usually something bad
(n) a particular type of animal or plant
📐 در جایگاه فعل :
پرورش دادن ، تربیت کردن-1-
2- ( مربوط به حیوانات ) تولید مثل کردن ، زاییدن
۳ _ تولید کردن ؛ سبب یا عامل شدن
📐 در جایگاه اسم :
نژاد(نوع خاصی از حیوان )
breed/bred/bred
Terriers are bred for their fighting instincts.
His main income comes from breeding cattle.
………………………………………………..
The blackbird, like most birds, breeds in the spring.
………………………………………………………..
Favouritism breeds resentment.
Some teachers believe that early failures can later breed success.
…………………………………………………………
a breed of dog/cat/horse/sheep/cattle
What’s your favourite breed of dog/dog breed?
breed/bred/bred
Terriers are bred for their fighting instincts.
His main income comes from breeding cattle.
………………………………………………..
The blackbird, like most birds, breeds in the spring.
………………………………………………………..
Favouritism breeds resentment.
Some teachers believe that early failures can later breed success.
…………………………………………………………
a breed of dog/cat/horse/sheep/cattle
What’s your favourite breed of dog/dog breed?
(v) to keep animals for the purpose of producing young animals in a controlled way
(v) (of animals) to have sex and produce young animals
(v) to cause something to happen, usually something bad
(n) a particular type of animal or plant
📐 در جایگاه فعل :
پرورش دادن ، تربیت کردن-1-
2- ( مربوط به حیوانات ) تولید مثل کردن ، زاییدن
۳ _ تولید کردن ؛ سبب یا عامل شدن
📐 در جایگاه اسم :
نژاد(نوع خاصی از حیوان )
burrow
“the female iguana digs a burrow”
…………………………….
Earthworms burrow deep into the soil.
moles burrowing away underground
(n) a hole or tunnel in the ground made by animals such as rabbits for them to live in
(v) to make a hole or a tunnel in the ground by digging, especially to live in:
1- سوراخ (که توسط حیوان کنده شده باشد)، لانه ی زیر زمینی
2-سوراخ کردن، کندن (سوراخ)، تونل زدن
calf
گوساله
گوساله
calf
calve
Four cows calved overnight.
“will all the cows calve about the same time?”
“people often used to come for him to help calve their cows”
“Galloway cows have wide pelvises and calve easily”
(of cows and certain other large animals like Elephant, rhino and whale) give birth to a calf.
(در مورد گاو) گوساله زاییدن
(در مورد پستانداران بزرگ مثل فیل و کرگدن و نهنگ و غیره) بچه زاییدن
camouflage تلفظ صحیح این کلمه “کَموفلاش” هست
The whiteness of polar bears and arctic foxes provides camouflage.
The leopard’s spots act as (a) camouflage.
Predators make as much use of camouflage as their prey do
……………………..
Often albino animals don’t live long since they are unable to camouflage themselves.
Textbooks use pictures of peppered moths camouflaged on tree trunks as evidence for natural selection.
…………………………..
The soldiers camouflaged themselves with leaves.
The vehicles were all well camouflaged.
……………………………
a camouflage jacket (= covered with green and brown marks and worn by soldiers)
troops dressed in camouflage
استتار (کردن) (چه برای حیوانات و چه برای سرباز)
استتار (کردن) (چه برای حیوانات و چه برای سرباز)
camouflage تلفظ صحیح این کلمه “کَموفلاش” هست
The whiteness of polar bears and arctic foxes provides camouflage.
The leopard’s spots act as (a) camouflage.
Predators make as much use of camouflage as their prey do
……………………..
Often albino animals don’t live long since they are unable to camouflage themselves.
Textbooks use pictures of peppered moths camouflaged on tree trunks as evidence for natural selection.
…………………………..
The soldiers camouflaged themselves with leaves.
The vehicles were all well camouflaged.
……………………………
a camouflage jacket (= covered with green and brown marks and worn by soldiers)
troops dressed in camouflage
canine
London’s canine population
her canine companion, Goldie
This vet specializes in canine pets.
canine behavioural problems
……….
“the majority agreed with neutering stray canines”
(adj) connected with dogs
(n) (formal) a dog
۱- وابسته و مربوط به سگ (این یک اصطلاح رسمی و علمی تر برای سگ به جای داگ است.)
۲- یک سگ (این یک اصطلاح رسمی و علمی تر برای سگ به جای داگ است.)
canter
We cantered along the beach.
She cantered her horse across the fields.
……………………..
She set off at a canter.
چهار نعل آهسته ( گام آهسته تر از چهار نعل و تندتر از یورتمه ) با اسب (رفتن)
(n) an animal that eats meat
حیوان گوشت خوار
carnivore
Foxes were the only carnivore species seen in the release site.
Lions and tigers are carnivores.
(adj) carnivorous = relating to a person, animal, or other living thing that eats meat گوشت خوار
* carnivorous plants
* I gave up my carnivorous diet several years ago.
* Farmed cod and haddock are carnivorous and need to be fed other sea fish.
carnivore
Foxes were the only carnivore species seen in the release site.
Lions and tigers are carnivores.
(adj) carnivorous = relating to a person, animal, or other living thing that eats meat گوشت خوار
* carnivorous plants
* I gave up my carnivorous diet several years ago.
* Farmed cod and haddock are carnivorous and need to be fed other sea fish.
(n) an animal that eats meat
حیوان گوشت خوار
(n) an animal that eats only plants
حیوان گیاه خوار
herbivore
Cows and sheep are herbivores.
During this time, none of the young plants were destroyed by herbivores.
(adj) herbivorous = (of an animal) eating plants گیاه خوار
The iguanadon was a herbivorous dinosaur.
Gorillas are primarily herbivorous, eating leaves and stems of shrubs.
herbivore
Cows and sheep are herbivores.
During this time, none of the young plants were destroyed by herbivores.
(adj) herbivorous = (of an animal) eating plants گیاه خوار
The iguanadon was a herbivorous dinosaur.
Gorillas are primarily herbivorous, eating leaves and stems of shrubs.
(n) an animal that eats only plants
حیوان گیاه خوار
دام و احشام
Cattle [ plural ]= a group of animals that includes cows, buffalo, and bison, that are often kept for their milk or meat
livestock[ plural ]= animals and birds that are kept on a farm, such as cows, sheep, or chickens
Cattle [ plural ]= a group of animals that includes cows, buffalo, and bison, that are often kept for their milk or meat
livestock[ plural ]= animals and birds that are kept on a farm, such as cows, sheep, or chickens
دام و احشام
chameleon
مارمولکی که میتونه خودشو با رنگای اطرافش هماهنگ کنه. یا به عبارتی میشه گفت آفتاب پرست
chamois
بز کوهی
chipmunk-squirrel
سنجاب
claw
The cat lashed out with its claws.
the claws of a crab
………………………
The cat was clawing at the leg of the chair.
She screamed and clawed at his eyes.
چنگال (یکی از ناخن های منحنی تیز در انتهای پای حیوان یا پرنده، یا قسمت منحنی بلند و تیز بدن برخی از انواع صدف‌ها، به عنوان مثال خرچنگ، که برای گرفتن و نگه داشتن اشیا استفاده می‌شود.)
(به عنوان فعل) خراشیدن یا پاره کردن کسی / چیزی با چنگال یا ناخن
coat
a dog with a smooth/shaggy coat
animals in their winter coats (= grown long for extra warmth)
پوشش(خز، مو یا پشمی که بدن حیوان را می پوشاند)
croak
A frog croaked by the water.
“a female frog can pick out a mate’s voice from a cacophony of croaks”
(وزغِ یا قورباغه) غورغور (کردن)، (کلاغ) قارقار (کردن)
cub
she was as protective as a tiger with her cubs
a lioness guarding her cubs
a lion/tiger/panda/fox/wolf cub
توله (ی پستانداران گوشت خوار مانند شیر و پلنگ و روباه و گرگ و خرس و نهنگ و ….)
cull
“he sees culling deer as a necessity”
“anecdotes culled from Greek and Roman history”
the annual seal cull
معدوم ( کردن ) (کشتن حیوانات یک گونه جانوری برای 1 - اصلاح نژاد آن گونه جانوری 2 - کم کردن جمعیت آن گونه 3 - برای جلوگیری از انقراض نسل حیواناتی که این گونه خاص آنها را شکار می کنند)
den
a bear’s/lion’s den
“a female mink had set up her den there”
لانه ( مربوط به بعضی حیوانات وحشی مخصوصا پستانداران وحشی )
endoskeleton
exoskeleton
: استخوان بندی درونی حیوان
برون استخوان بندی (مانند لاک جانورانی مانند لاک پشت)
fang
یکی از دو دندان تیز بلند در جلوی دهان برخی از حیوانات مانند مار یا سگ
1-(در جانوران گوشت خوار) دندان نیش
2- (مار) نیش
fauna
flora
land and marine faunas
alpine flora
rare species of flora and fauna (= plants and animals)
همه حیواناتی که در یک منطقه یا در دوره خاصی از تاریخ زندگی می کنند
گیاهان یک منطقه خاص، نوع محیط یا دوره زمانی خاص
feline
a wildlife park with tigers and various other felines
……………………………….
She walks with feline grace.
feline leukaemia
(n) گربه سان (یک گربه؛ حیوانی از خانواده گربه ها)
(adj) وابسته یا مربوط به گربه (مثل یک گربه؛ با حیوانی از خانواده گربه ها ارتباط داشتن)
flank
She patted the horse’s flank.
(n) the side of an animal between the ribs and the hip
پهلو (بین دنده ها و لگن)
fleece
“as the sheep came on board, we grabbed their long shaggy fleeces”
(n) the wool coat of a sheep; this coat when it has been removed from a sheep or a goat
پشم گوسفند یا بز
flipper
not all seals are the same: some swim with their front flippers while others propel themselves with their back feet”
(اندام پارو مانند یا بازوهای بدون انگشت که برخی ماهی ها و نهنگ هاو فوک ها و لاک پشت ها و غیره با آن شنا می کنند) باله
flock
a group of sheep, goats or birds of the same type
(دسته ی گوسفند یا بز و پرنده و غیره) گله
= herd
foal
(اسب یا خر یا قاطر و غیره) کره (زاییدن)
frogspawn
Frog spawn is laid in clumps of jelly-like eggs, usually in shallow water.
lay frogspawn
تخم های یک قورباغه که توسط ژله شفاف احاطه شده است.
fur
The cat carefully licked its fur.
She stroked the soft fur on the dog’s back.
“the rabbit’s fur was all matted”
(موی نرمی که بدن بسیاری از پستانداران را می پوشاند) خز
graze
There were cows grazing beside the river.
graze on something
The horses were grazing on the lush grass.
graze something
The field had been grazed by sheep.
………………………………….
The land is used by local people to graze their animals.
(n) grazierگله چران
(n) grazing چراگاه
(v) (of cows, sheep, etc.) to eat grass that is growing in a field
(v) to put cows, sheep, etc. in a field so that they can eat the grass there
1- چریدن
2- چراندن
hedgehog
جوجه تیغی
hoof-hooves
The horse tossed its head and stamped its hooves nervously.
سم (قسمت سخت پای برخی از حیوانات، به عنوان مثال اسب)
hyaena or hyena
کفتار
پستاندار
mammal
mammal
پستاندار
mane
She spent ages braiding her horse’s mane.
The horse’s mane streamed in the wind.
“the horse was rushing about in the field, tossing its mane”
(n) the long hair on the neck of a horse, a lion, , or other mammal.
(اسب و شیر و غیره) یال
marsupial
(جانورشناسی) کیسه داران (n)
مثل کانگوروها و کوالاها
………………………
(جانورشناسی) وابسته به کیسه داران (adj)
جفت (گیری کردن)
mate
Do foxes ever mate with dogs?
After mating, the female kills the male.
Females that mate with several males are rare.
the sexual signal from the adult female that tells the male she is ready to mate
………………………………………..
A male bird sings to attract a mate.
(n) mating جفت گیری
the mating season
Ten matings produced forty-six puppies.
mate
Do foxes ever mate with dogs?
After mating, the female kills the male.
Females that mate with several males are rare.
the sexual signal from the adult female that tells the male she is ready to mate
………………………………………..
A male bird sings to attract a mate.
(n) mating جفت گیری
the mating season
Ten matings produced forty-six puppies.
جفت (گیری کردن)
molt - moult(uk)
The adult birds were already molting.
molt something
The female hornbill molts her beautiful feathers.
…………………………………………….
The birds undergo a complete molt after breeding.
(v)(of an animal) shed old feathers, hair, or skin to make way for a new growth.
(n) (of an animal) the act of sheding old feathers, hair, or skin to make way for a new growth.
پر، مو، پوست، تولک، پولک، شاخ و غیره اندازی (کردن)
mule
the mule flung out at him as he passed
a man on a mule
قاطر
muzzle
پوزه (قسمت بیرون زده صورت، از جمله بینی و دهان حیوانی مانند سگ یا اسب.)
neuter
Has your cat been neutered?
(v) to remove part of the sex organs of an animal so that it cannot produce young = castrate or spay
اخته/ عقیم کردن یک حیوان
tadpole or polliwog or pollywog
بچه وزغ، بچه قورباغه
pouch
کیسه (یک جیب پوستی روی شکم برخی از حیوانات کیسه دار ماده مانند کانگورو که بچه های خود را در آن حمل می کنند.)
primate
نخستین سانان یا جانوران نخستین (که انسان و گوریل ومیمون هم جزو آن هستند)
F
reptile
(adj) reptilian
خزنده
rhinoceros or rhino
کرگدن
rodent
جانور جونده (جانور از راسته خزندگان. هر حیوان کوچکی که متعلق به گروهی از حیوانات با دندان های جلویی تیز قوی باشد. موش ها، موش ها و سنجاب ها همه جوندگان هستند.)
جمعش میشه همون جوندگان
scale
The beast was a dragon, with great purple and green scales.
فلس یا پولک (هر یک از صفحات نازک از مواد سخت که پوست بسیاری از ماهی ها و خزندگان را می پوشانند)
seal or sea lion
فک دریایی
لاکپشت آبی
لاکپشت خشکی
turtle
Tortoise
turtle
Tortoise
لاکپشت آبی
لاکپشت خشکی
shell
snail/oyster/clam shells
the shell of a turtle
eggshell, nutshell, razor shell, seashell, tortoiseshell
قسمت بیرونی سخت تخم مرغ، مغزها، برخی از دانه ها و برخی حیوانات مثل لاکپشت، صدف، حلزون و غیره
slither = glide
The snake slithered away as we approached.
گروه توی هری پاتر که سلایترینگ بود
خزیدن (نرم حرکت کردن بر روی یک سطح، مانند یک مار)
spine
Porcupines use their spines to protect themselves.
(برخی ماهیان - جوجه تیغی - استخوان) تیغ
(برخی گیاهان مانند گل محمدی) تیغ
