Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Introduction to Childbirth > Ovulatory Cycle, Conception, and Fertility > Flashcards

Ovulatory Cycle, Conception, and Fertility Flashcards

1
Q

Hormones

A

regulatory substances in an organism and transported into tissue fluids such as blood to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A woman’s monthly cycles are controlled by the release of what hormones?

A

Estrogen, progesterone, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and lutenizing hormone (LH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does FSH do?

A

It triggers ovarian follicle development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does LH do?

A

It triggers the release of the egg from the most mature follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Dominant factor in controlling the anterior pituitary gland which in turn controls the ovaries. It releases gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the pituitary gland to release the sex hormones called gonadotrophins (FSH and LH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What hormones do the overlies release back to the brain?

A

Estrogen and Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Estrogen responsible for?

A

The secondary sex characteristics: growth of the breasts, female body shape, distribution of body hair, stimulates the growth of the bacteria that increases the acidity in the vagina, causes fluid retention.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How long does the Ovarian cycle last?

A

About 28 days. It begins with menstruation. Under the influence of estrogen the endometrium is then rebuilt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When do the follicles begin to develop?

A

About day 25 of the previous cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When does the egg begin to develop and mature?

A

ABout day 5 of the cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What group of cells surrounds each egg?

A

Follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many follicles ripen each month?

A

About 20 of these fluid filled sacs, one outgrows the others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When does the peak fertile period occur?

A

When the egg is released from the ovary, about 14 days before the end of the cycle, regardless of the total length of the cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Middleschmertz

A

pain experienced when the egg bursts from the ovary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens after the egg leaves the ovary?

A

It travels down the fallopian tube where it awaits fertilization by a sperm (drawn in by the fimbria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How long can the e.g. live if fertilization does not occur?

A

12-24 hours

17
Q

Corpus Luteum

A

Site where the egg was released from the ovary, it becomes a yellow body that produces progesterone until about 10 weeks when the placenta takes over; lasts for 12-14 days unless it begins receiving HCG

18
Q

Luteal phase

A

named after the corpus luteum and is the second half of a woman’s menstrual cycle, beginning after ovulation and continuing until menstruation occurs

19
Q

What does progesterone do after ovulation?

A

Makes the lining of the uterus thick for implantation, causes changes to the uterine lining, increases blood supply to the uterus, causes increase of temperature in ovulation, gives sensation of fulness of breasts before menstruation.

20
Q

What are the three phases of the menstrual cycle?

A

The Menstrual phase, the proliferative phase, the secretory phase

21
Q

Menstrual phase

A

Lasts for 3-7 days; endometrium is shed since it is not needed to develop an embryo

22
Q

Proliferative phase

A

Proceeds from menstruation through to ovulation; the endometrium is reforming and thickening

23
Q

SEcretory phase

A

Following ovulation and is controlled by the estrogen and progesterone released by the corpus luteum. The endometrium thickens and becomes spongy. If an egg has been fertilized it will proceed to the uterus where it will embed in the endometrium and grow to form an embryo.

24
Q

What three factors must be present for conception?

A

A healthy egg, a healthy sperm, and a healthy medium in which the pserm can travel and thrive. This medium is fertile quality cervical fluid

25
Q

Fertile Quality cervical fluid

A

acts as a living conduit to direct the sperm through the cervix. Produced under the influence of increasing levels of estrogen in the first half of the cycle.

26
Q

Where does fertilization take place?

A

The outer 3rd of the fallopian tubes, within just a few hours of ovulation

27
Q

Peristalsis

A

Moves the fertilized egg toward the uterus

28
Q

Penetration

A

The sperm penetrates the outer membrane of the egg by releasing enzymes taht create a hole in it. Oocyte penetration (innermost part of the egg); chromosome transfer

29
Q

What is the moment of conception?

A

Conception occurs when one sperm penetrates one egg. The membrane of the ovum is sealed and no more sperm an enter

30
Q

Zygote

A

Fertilized egg; journey to the uterus takes about 3-4 days; splits first into two identical cells, then continues to divide slowly as it travels down the fallopian tubes.

31
Q

Morula

A

Cluster of 32 cells, a fluid filled cavity will appear in this cluster

32
Q

Blastocyst

A

A single layer of cells, the trophoblast, surround the blastocyst. The inner cells clumped together will develop the fetus, umbilical cord, and the amnion

33
Q

Trophoblast

A

Single layer of cells surrounding blastocyst; develops into the placenta and the chorion; becomes sticky and attaches itself to the endometrium

34
Q

Implantation

A

Occurs a week after fertilization; Blastocyst starts development into an embryo and starts releasing a pregnancy hormone called HCG (Human chorionic gonadotrophin)

35
Q

HCG

A

Sends message to corpus luteum to remain alive, releases progesterone long enough to sustain the nourishing lining

36
Q

Implantation bleeding

A

Light pink or dark brown spotting around 8 days after ovulation and/or/ around the time of their expected period.

37
Q

Chromosomes

A

A sperm and ova have 23 each; threadlike structures that carry their genetic information

38
Q

Twins

A

More than one egg at a time results in fraternal twins; identical come from a single egg fertilized by a single sperm.

Introduction to Childbirth (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions