Overview of The Function of The Cardiovascular system COPY Flashcards
What does the blood flow sytsem of the CVS carry?
If the pumps are in series (right and left ventricle) what does this imply?
Output must be equal
Why are most vascular beds in parallel?
Ensures all tissues get oxygenated blood,
Allows regional redirection of blood
Give an example of when there are local regions of vessels being in series
Blood flow system between the liver and gut
Hypothalamus releasing hormones which travel directly to anterior pituitary
Why does the skin receive more oxygen than it uses?
Thermoregulation
Which organs receive less of the percentage cardiac output than percentage oxygen consumption?
How do you calculate flow?
How is difference in pressure calculated?
How is the resistance calculated?
Which vessels can affect resistance and influence blood distribution?
Arterioles
How does the size of blood vessels change?
Arteries - arterioles - capillaries
How does the size of the veins change?
Capillaries - venules - veins
What are elastic arteries?
What are muscular arteries?
What are arteriole vessels?
What are capillaries
Exchange vessels
Narrow lumen
Thin wall
What are venules
Capacitance vessels
Wide lumen
Thin, distensible walls
Low resistance conduits
Allows fractional distribution of blood between veins and rest of circulation
Are valves active or passive?
Passive
What separates the ventricles?
Interventricular septum
What vein enters the right atrium?
Vena cava
What is the mitral valve?
Valve between left atrium & left ventricle of heart,
Has two tapered cusps.
Define the tricuspid valve?
At opening of right atrium of heart into right ventricle
Resembles the mitral valve in structure
Consists of three triangular membranous flaps
Called also right atrioventricular valve.
Define chordae tendinae
Tendons that connect papillary muscles to tricuspid valve & mitral valve in the heart.
Define papillary muscle
Muscles located in ventricles of heart.
Attach to cusps of atrioventricular valves via chordae tendineae
Contract to prevent inversion or prolapse of these valves on systole
