OVERVIEW OF OBSTETRICS

Question 1

Interval between the birth of an infant after 20 weeks’ gestation (or 500 g birthweight) and the 28 completed days after that birth

Answer 1

PERINATAL PERIOD

Question 2

The complete expulsion or extraction from the mother of a fetus after 20 weeks’ gestation (or 500 g birthweight)

Answer 2

BIRTH

Question 3

< 500 g are not considered as births but are termed _______.

Answer 3

ABORTUSES

Question 4

The weight of a neonate determined right after delivery expressed to the nearest gram

Answer 4

BIRTHWEIGHT

Question 5

The number of live births per 1000 population

Answer 5

BIRTH RATE

Question 6

Formula of birth rate:

Answer 6

no. of live births x 1000

total population

Question 7

The number of live births per females aged 15 through 44 years

Answer 7

FERTILITY RATE

Question 8

Formula for fertility rate:

Answer 8

no. of live births

15-44 y.o females

Question 9

A birth whenever the newborn at or sometime after birth breathes spontaneously or shows any other sign of life or heartbeat

Answer 9

Live birth

Question 10

Definite spontaneous movement of voluntary muscles

Answer 10

LIVE BIRTH

Question 11

The absence of signs of life at or after birth

Answer 11

STILLBIRTH OR FETAL DEATH

Question 12

Death of a liveborn neonate during the first 7 days after birth

Answer 12

EARLY NEONATAL DEATH

Question 13

Death after 7 days but before 29 days

Answer 13

LATE NEONATAL DEATH

Question 14

The number of stillborn neonates per 1000 neonates born (livebirths and stillbirths)

Answer 14

STILLBIRTH RATE OR FETAL DEATH RATE

Question 15

Formula for stillbirth rate:

Answer 15

stillbirths x 1000

livebirths + stillbirths

Question 16

The number of neonatal deaths per 1000 live births

Answer 16

NEONATAL MORTALITY RATE

Question 17

Formula for neonatal mortality rate:

Answer 17

neonatal deaths_ x 1000

live births

Question 18

The number of stillbirths plus neonatal deaths per 1000 total births

Answer 18

PERINATAL MORTALITY RATE

Question 19

Formula for perinatal mortality rate:

Answer 19

stillbirths + neonatal deaths\_\_\_ x1000
total births (live birth + stillbirth)

Question 20

All deaths of liveborn infants from birth through 12 months of age

Answer 20

INFANT DEATH

Question 21

The number of infant deaths per 1000 live births

Answer 21

INFANT MORTALITY RATE

Question 22

Formula for infant mortality rate:

Answer 22

infant deaths x 1000

livebirths

Question 23

A newborn whose weight is <2500

Answer 23

LOW BIRTHWEIGHT

Question 24

Weight is < 1500 g

Answer 24

VERY LOW BIRTHWEIGHT

Question 25

Weight is <1000 g

Answer 25

EXTREMELY LOW BIRTHWEIGHT

Question 26

A neonate born any time after 37 completed weeks and up until 42 completed weeks of gestation

Answer 26

TERM NEONATE

Question 27

Early term

Answer 27

37 to 38 6/7 weeks

Question 28

Full term

Answer 28

39 to 40 6/7 weeks

Question 29

Late term

Answer 29

41 to 41 6/7 weeks

Question 30

A neonate born before 37 weeks

Answer 30

PRETERM NEONATE

Question 31

A neonate born anytime after completion of the 42nd week

Answer 31

POSTERM NEONATE

Question 32

A fetus or embryo removed or expelled from the uterus during the first half of gestation- 20 weeks or less, or in the absence of accurate dating criteria, born weighing < 500

Answer 32

ABORTUS

Question 33

The purposeful interruption of an intrauterine pregnancy that has the intention other than to produce a liveborn neonate and that does not result in a live birth

Answer 33

INDUCED TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY

Question 34

The death of a mother that results from obstetrical complications of pregnancy, labor, or the puerperium and from interventions, omissions, incorrect treatment, or a chain of events resulting from any of these factors

Answer 34

DIRECT MATERNAL DEATH

Question 35

A maternal death not directly due to an obstetrical cause. Death results from previously existing disease or a disease developing during pregnancy, labor, or the puerperium that was aggravated by maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy

Answer 35

INDIRECT MATERNAL DEATH

Question 36

Death of the mother that results from accidental or incidental causes not related to pregnancy

Answer 36

NONMATERNAL DEATH

Question 37

The number of maternal deaths that result from the reproductive process per 100,000 live births

Answer 37

MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO

Question 38

Other terms for maternal mortality ratio:

Answer 38

MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE MATERNAL DEATH RATE

Question 39

The numerator in maternal mortality ratio includes:

Answer 39

number of deaths regardless of pregnancy outcome (live births, stillbirths, ectopic)

Question 40

The denominator in maternal mortality ratio includes:

Answer 40

number of live births

Question 41

The death of a woman, from any cause, while pregnant or within 1calendar year of termination of pregnancy, regardless of the duration and the site of pregnancy

Answer 41

PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED DEATH

Question 42

A pregnancy-associated death that results from:

Answer 42

(1) complications of pregnancy itself (2) the chain of events initiated by pregnancy that led to death (3) aggravation of an unrelated condition by the physiological or pharmacological effects of pregnancy and that subsequently caused death

Question 43

Measures of obstetrical care:

Answer 43

1. Perinatal mortality 2. Infant deaths 3. Maternal mortality 4. Severe maternal morbidity

Question 44

Maternal mortality:

Answer 44

1. Hemorrhage 2. Gestational hypertension 3. Infection

Question 45

TIMELY TOPICS IN OBSTETRICS (RISING CESAREAN DELIVERY RATE)

Answer 45

1. The major indication for primary ceasarean delivery is dystocia 2. The sharp decline in vaginal births after cesarean section (VBAC) is related to uterine rupture risk associated labor 3. The cesarean delivery on maternal request (CDMR) contribute to the rise 4. Near-term and term pregnancy labor induction is common-place and failed inductions contribute to the cesarean delivery