Ovaries path II Flashcards
Sx for surface epithelial tumors
lower abdominal pain, GI complaints, ascites GU complaints, pelvic pressure, progressive weakness, weight loss, cachexia end stage
what is peritoneal carcinomatosis
diffuse seeding of peritoneum
Tx for surface epithelial tumors
surgery
where do surface epithelial tumors mets to
mesothelial surface (ovarian serous carcinoma to malignant ascites
lymph nodes
liver, lungs, bone, CNS
which serum to ascites albumin gradient is characteristic of peritoneal carcinomatosis
<1.1 g/dL
low albumin gradient
most common cancer to cause ascites
ovary- serous type
what are the hormonaly active tumors that secrete E in postmenopausal women
granulosa theca cell tumors
what biomarker is used to Dx granulosa theca cell tumor
inhibin
FoxL2 mutation
Call Exner bodies on histo
granulosa theca cell tumor
what are fibromas
solid white hard fibrous tumor
usually unilateral
what syndrome are fibromas assoc with
meig syndrome: ascites pleural effusion and ovarian fibroma that resolves with resection of fibroma
which tumors can produce androgens
sertoli leydig cell tumors
leads to virilization, hirsutism, male escuthecon, deepen voice, increase clitoris size, defeminization
germ cell tumors are dangerous in what age group
children- malignant
adults- benign
what classifies a benign cystic teratoma or dermoid “mature teratoma”
2 or 3 germ cell lines
rokitanski nodule on cysts wall
what type of cancer can develop(rare) from benign teratoma
SCC
describe immature malignant teratoma
girls and adlescents
immature tissues
rapid growth and spread
prognosis depends on grade and stage
what are monodermal teratomas
single tissue predominates
carcinoids or struma ovarii(thryoid)
functional and can cause hyperthyroidism and carcinoid syndrome
What germ cell tumors are always malignant
dysgerminomas
Tx for dysgerminoma
radiotherapy
if unilateral and confined can do salpingo-oophorectomy
what are endodermal sinus tumors
“yolk sac”
aggressive
in children and young adults
need chemo
characteristics of yolk sac tumors
schiller duval bodies
produce alpha fetoprotein and alpha 1 antitrypsin
what is a choriocarcinoma
usually in another germ cell tumor
mixed pattern- aggressive
what do choriocarcinomas produce
beta HCG at high levels!
helpful in Dx
metastatic carcinomas found in ovary usually arise from where
mullerian organs: uterus fallopian tube, opp ovary or peritoneum
what extramullerian organs can mets to ovaries
breast and GI
what is krukenberg tumor
b/l mets of mucin-producing, signet ring cancer cells, (GI origin!!)
