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Gynecology > Ovarian Cancer > Flashcards

Ovarian Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Most comm cyst in the ovary

A

Functional ovarian cyst

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2
Q

Most common cyst are

A

Follicular cyst

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3
Q

Theca lutein cyst

A

Due to increased hcg
Seen in molar pregnancy
Twin pregnancy and
Infertility treatment

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4
Q

Investigation of choice of adenexal mass

A

Tvs

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5
Q

Malignancy mass occur in the

A

Extremities of age
Prepubertal / menopausal

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6
Q

Laterality im the benign and malignant

A

Benign unilateral
Malignant. Bilateral

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7
Q

Cystic consistency is seen in the

A

Benign mass

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8
Q

Tenderness in benign and Mali

A

Benin present

Malignant absent

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9
Q

Ultra sound features of benign mass

A

Unilateral
Anechoic
No solid component

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10
Q

Ultrasound of malignant adenexal mass

A

s>10cm
Bilateral variable consistency
Solid components
Thick septa
Papillary out growing
High vascularity
Evidence of ascites
Lymph nodes
Matted bowel loops

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11
Q

A cyst in the reproductive age group of size 3-5 cm what is the managem

A

Wait and watch

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12
Q

A cyst in the reproductive age group of size 5-7cm what is the managem

A

Follow up and usg

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13
Q

A cyst in the reproductive age group of size >7cm what is the managem

A

Surgery
Because of high chances of rupture and torsion

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14
Q

What is the management of the post menopausal women who is presenting with the cyst

A

We have suspect the malignancy even the usg shows no signs of it so we have to d0
CA125> 35 iu

Surgery after investigation

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15
Q

What is the management of the pre pubertal women who is presenting with the cyst

A

Check for alpha feto protein
Hcg
Ldh

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16
Q

Percentage of ovarian mass to undergo malignant transformation post menopausal women

A

30

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17
Q

Percentage of ovarian mass to undergo malignant transformation in pre menopausal women

A

7

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18
Q

Most cool beningn cyst or tumour in the reproductive age group and pregnancy

A

Dermoid cyst

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19
Q

Most common time for torsion

A

End of 1 st trimister or perpuerium

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20
Q

Most common ovarian cancer during pregnancy

A

Dysgerminoma

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21
Q

Symptomatic cyst in the pregnancy management

A

Removal of cyst irrespective of gestational age

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22
Q

Asymptomatic cyst management

A

Asymptomatic cyst 1 st trimester wait and watch because mostly it will be theca lutein cyst which on removal causes abortiom

2 nd trimester usg showing features of malignancy >10 cm surgery

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23
Q

Risk factors related to ovarian cancer

A

🤩excessive Estrogen
Early menarache
Late menopause
Obesity
Endometriosis
Nulliparity

Pcos
Hrt
Infertility
Ovulation inducing drugs

🤩genetic syndrome
Lynch.brca1 brca2

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24
Q

Carcinogen related to ovarian cancer

A

Asbestos

Controversial
Talc
Smoking

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25
Q

Protection against ovarian cancer

A

Physical exercise
Aneuploidy
Multiparity
Ocp
Breast feedi
Hysterectomy
Tubal ligation
Salpingectomy

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26
Q

Smoking causes

A

Mucinous adenicarcinoma

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27
Q

Genetic syndrome

A

Lynch syndrome
Mlh1/msh2
Colorectal cancer >endometrial cancer

Brca1 40%

Brca2 15%

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28
Q

Herigpdietary ovarian cancers occurs by what age

A

50 yrs

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29
Q

Sporadic ovarian cancers occur

A

by60 -70 yrs

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30
Q

What is the best method of prevention for the Brca 1 mutation

A

Trans abdominal hysterectomy
Bilateral salpingoooopherectemy
After completing the family 35 -40

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31
Q

1 degree relative 50 yrs

A

Tvs ands ca125
35 -40 yrs

32
Q

Types of ovarian cancer

A

Epithelial ovarian cancer 90%
Germ cell tumours 2nd common 5-8%

Sexcord tumors 3 mc 3-5%
Metastatic tumots

33
Q

Most common ovarian tumour

A

Serous cystadenoma

34
Q

Most common ovarian tumours in reproductive age grp

A

Mature cystic Tera to a dermoid cyst

35
Q

Most common ovarian cancer

A

60-70 yrs
serous cyst Adenocarcinoma

36
Q

Epithelial tumours types

A

Serous most common

Mucinous type

Brenners tumour

Endometrium tumour

Clear cell tumour

Most common age 60 yrs

37
Q

Benign and malignant variants of epithelial tumour of ovary

A

Serous cyst adeno a benign

Serous cyst Adenocarcinoma is the malignant tyle

38
Q

Histopatholigical finding of epithelial cell tumour

A

Psamomma body

39
Q

Non specific features of epithelial tun

A

Nausea
Vomiting
Irritable bowel syndrome
Weigh loss

40
Q

Difference between serous and malignant

A

Serous mostly bilateral
Mucinous mostly unilateral

41
Q

Benign cases of epithelial cell tumour

A

60% in serous
80% in the Mucinous

42
Q

Genetic involvement In the epithelial tun

A

Brca1
Brca2
P53

43
Q

Mucinous genetic involvement

A

K ras

44
Q

Tumour markers for serous cyst Adenocarcinoma

A

Ca125

45
Q

Tumour markers for Mucinous cyst Adenocarcinoma

A

Cea ca19-9

46
Q

Gross findings of serous cyst Adenocarcinoma

A

Uniloculated cyst filled
With clear and serous fluid

47
Q

Gross findin of Mucinous cyst adeno

A

Multiloculated cyst filled with Mucinous material
Honey comb appearance

48
Q

Lining of epithelial tumours resemble

A

Lining of fallopian tubes

49
Q

Lining of Mucinous cyst Adenocarcinoma resemble

A

Endocervical linimg

50
Q

Pseudomyxoma perotini

A

Peritoneum is covered by Mucinous material
Most commonly caused by appendix cancer

51
Q

Brenner tumour

A

Walthard cell nest coffe 🫘 bean
Benign
Unilateral
Solid
Transitional epithelium

52
Q

Coffee ☕️ bean nuclei present in

A

Brenners tumour
Granulosa cell tumour

53
Q

Endometriosis tumours

A

Histological lh resemble endometrial glands
Associated with endometriosis
Associated with endometrial cancer

54
Q

Most common ovarian cancer associated with endometriosis

A

Clear cell tumour 1st

Endometroid 2 nd best

55
Q

Hpe finding of clear cells

A

Hob nail cells

56
Q

Most commonly ovarian tumours associated with endometrial cancer

A

Endometroid cancer
Granulosa cell tumour

57
Q

Utero di ethyl sterlbestrol exposure

A

Clear cell tumou
Malignant

58
Q

Germ cells tumours

A

Teratoma
Mature teratoma beningn
Immature teratoma is malignant
Monoclonal type struama ovari

Dysgerminoma

Yolksac

Embryonic carcinoma

Choriocarcinoma

Mixed type

59
Q

Common feature of germ cell tumour

A

Young girls 10 to 30

Unilateral

Better prognosis

60
Q

Tumour markers are absent in the

A

Teratoma

61
Q

Hcg tumour seen in all except

A

Yolksac

62
Q

Alpha feto protein

A

Choriocarcinoma and

Dysgerminoma

63
Q

Lh is seen in all except

A

Choriocarcinoma and embryonal tumours

64
Q

Tumour markers of Dysgerminoma

A

Lh mainly

Plap
Hcg

65
Q

Yolk sac tumour markers

A

Alpha feto protein
Lh appha 1anti trypsin

66
Q

Embryonal carcinoma

A

AFP, hcg

67
Q

Most common germ cell tumour

A

Dermoid cyst

68
Q

Most common germ cell cancer

A

Immature teratoma

69
Q

2 nd most common germ cell tumour

A

Dysgerminoma

70
Q

Got with best prognosis

A

Dysgerminoma

71
Q

Got with worse prognosis

A

Yolksac tumour

72
Q

Ovarian tumours radiosensitive

A

Dysgerminoma

73
Q

Got 100%unilateral

A

Yolk sac

74
Q

Usg findings of Dermoid tumours is

A

Tip of ice berg appearance
Dot dash appearance

75
Q

Prognosis descending order is

A

Sex cord stromal tumours > get>epithelial

76
Q

Signet ring cells are seen in

A

Krukenberg tumour

Gynecology (12 decks)

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