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Gynecology > Ovarian Cancer > Flashcards

Ovarian Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Most comm cyst in the ovary

A

Functional ovarian cyst

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2
Q

Most common cyst are

A

Follicular cyst

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3
Q

Theca lutein cyst

A

Due to increased hcg
Seen in molar pregnancy
Twin pregnancy and
Infertility treatment

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4
Q

Investigation of choice of adenexal mass

A

Tvs

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5
Q

Malignancy mass occur in the

A

Extremities of age
Prepubertal / menopausal

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6
Q

Laterality im the benign and malignant

A

Benign unilateral
Malignant. Bilateral

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7
Q

Cystic consistency is seen in the

A

Benign mass

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8
Q

Tenderness in benign and Mali

A

Benin present

Malignant absent

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9
Q

Ultra sound features of benign mass

A

Unilateral
Anechoic
No solid component

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10
Q

Ultrasound of malignant adenexal mass

A

s>10cm
Bilateral variable consistency
Solid components
Thick septa
Papillary out growing
High vascularity
Evidence of ascites
Lymph nodes
Matted bowel loops

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11
Q

A cyst in the reproductive age group of size 3-5 cm what is the managem

A

Wait and watch

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12
Q

A cyst in the reproductive age group of size 5-7cm what is the managem

A

Follow up and usg

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13
Q

A cyst in the reproductive age group of size >7cm what is the managem

A

Surgery
Because of high chances of rupture and torsion

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14
Q

What is the management of the post menopausal women who is presenting with the cyst

A

We have suspect the malignancy even the usg shows no signs of it so we have to d0
CA125> 35 iu

Surgery after investigation

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15
Q

What is the management of the pre pubertal women who is presenting with the cyst

A

Check for alpha feto protein
Hcg
Ldh

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16
Q

Percentage of ovarian mass to undergo malignant transformation post menopausal women

A

30

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17
Q

Percentage of ovarian mass to undergo malignant transformation in pre menopausal women

A

7

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18
Q

Most cool beningn cyst or tumour in the reproductive age group and pregnancy

A

Dermoid cyst

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19
Q

Most common time for torsion

A

End of 1 st trimister or perpuerium

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20
Q

Most common ovarian cancer during pregnancy

A

Dysgerminoma

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21
Q

Symptomatic cyst in the pregnancy management

A

Removal of cyst irrespective of gestational age

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22
Q

Asymptomatic cyst management

A

Asymptomatic cyst 1 st trimester wait and watch because mostly it will be theca lutein cyst which on removal causes abortiom

2 nd trimester usg showing features of malignancy >10 cm surgery

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23
Q

Risk factors related to ovarian cancer

A

🤩excessive Estrogen
Early menarache
Late menopause
Obesity
Endometriosis
Nulliparity

Pcos
Hrt
Infertility
Ovulation inducing drugs

🤩genetic syndrome
Lynch.brca1 brca2

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24
Q

Carcinogen related to ovarian cancer

A

Asbestos

Controversial
Talc
Smoking

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25
Protection against ovarian cancer
Physical exercise Aneuploidy Multiparity Ocp Breast feedi Hysterectomy Tubal ligation Salpingectomy
26
Smoking causes
Mucinous adenicarcinoma
27
Genetic syndrome
Lynch syndrome Mlh1/msh2 Colorectal cancer >endometrial cancer Brca1 40% Brca2 15%
28
Herigpdietary ovarian cancers occurs by what age
50 yrs
29
Sporadic ovarian cancers occur
by60 -70 yrs
30
What is the best method of prevention for the Brca 1 mutation
Trans abdominal hysterectomy Bilateral salpingoooopherectemy After completing the family 35 -40
31
1 degree relative 50 yrs
Tvs ands ca125 35 -40 yrs
32
Types of ovarian cancer
Epithelial ovarian cancer 90% Germ cell tumours 2nd common 5-8% Sexcord tumors 3 mc 3-5% Metastatic tumots
33
Most common ovarian tumour
Serous cystadenoma
34
Most common ovarian tumours in reproductive age grp
Mature cystic Tera to a dermoid cyst
35
Most common ovarian cancer
60-70 yrs serous cyst Adenocarcinoma
36
Epithelial tumours types
Serous most common Mucinous type Brenners tumour Endometrium tumour Clear cell tumour Most common age 60 yrs
37
Benign and malignant variants of epithelial tumour of ovary
Serous cyst adeno a benign Serous cyst Adenocarcinoma is the malignant tyle
38
Histopatholigical finding of epithelial cell tumour
Psamomma body
39
Non specific features of epithelial tun
Nausea Vomiting Irritable bowel syndrome Weigh loss
40
Difference between serous and malignant
Serous mostly bilateral Mucinous mostly unilateral
41
Benign cases of epithelial cell tumour
60% in serous 80% in the Mucinous
42
Genetic involvement In the epithelial tun
Brca1 Brca2 P53
43
Mucinous genetic involvement
K ras
44
Tumour markers for serous cyst Adenocarcinoma
Ca125
45
Tumour markers for Mucinous cyst Adenocarcinoma
Cea ca19-9
46
Gross findings of serous cyst Adenocarcinoma
Uniloculated cyst filled With clear and serous fluid
47
Gross findin of Mucinous cyst adeno
Multiloculated cyst filled with Mucinous material Honey comb appearance
48
Lining of epithelial tumours resemble
Lining of fallopian tubes
49
Lining of Mucinous cyst Adenocarcinoma resemble
Endocervical linimg
50
Pseudomyxoma perotini
Peritoneum is covered by Mucinous material Most commonly caused by appendix cancer
51
Brenner tumour
Walthard cell nest coffe 🫘 bean Benign Unilateral Solid Transitional epithelium
52
Coffee ☕️ bean nuclei present in
Brenners tumour Granulosa cell tumour
53
Endometriosis tumours
Histological lh resemble endometrial glands Associated with endometriosis Associated with endometrial cancer
54
Most common ovarian cancer associated with endometriosis
Clear cell tumour 1st Endometroid 2 nd best
55
Hpe finding of clear cells
Hob nail cells
56
Most commonly ovarian tumours associated with endometrial cancer
Endometroid cancer Granulosa cell tumour
57
Utero di ethyl sterlbestrol exposure
Clear cell tumou Malignant
58
Germ cells tumours
Teratoma Mature teratoma beningn Immature teratoma is malignant Monoclonal type struama ovari Dysgerminoma Yolksac Embryonic carcinoma Choriocarcinoma Mixed type
59
Common feature of germ cell tumour
Young girls 10 to 30 Unilateral Better prognosis
60
Tumour markers are absent in the
Teratoma
61
Hcg tumour seen in all except
Yolksac
62
Alpha feto protein
Choriocarcinoma and Dysgerminoma
63
Lh is seen in all except
Choriocarcinoma and embryonal tumours
64
Tumour markers of Dysgerminoma
Lh mainly Plap Hcg
65
Yolk sac tumour markers
Alpha feto protein Lh appha 1anti trypsin
66
Embryonal carcinoma
AFP, hcg
67
Most common germ cell tumour
Dermoid cyst
68
Most common germ cell cancer
Immature teratoma
69
2 nd most common germ cell tumour
Dysgerminoma
70
Got with best prognosis
Dysgerminoma
71
Got with worse prognosis
Yolksac tumour
72
Ovarian tumours radiosensitive
Dysgerminoma
73
Got 100%unilateral
Yolk sac
74
Usg findings of Dermoid tumours is
Tip of ice berg appearance Dot dash appearance
75
Prognosis descending order is
Sex cord stromal tumours > get>epithelial
76
Signet ring cells are seen in
Krukenberg tumour

Gynecology (12 decks)

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