Gynec Anat Flashcards
1
Q
Female external genetilia is also called
A
Vulva or pudendum
2
Q
Parts of vulva
A
Mons pubis
Labia majors
Labia minors
3
Q
Mons pubis
A
Hair bearing area of the vulva
With underlying subcutaneous fat
This lies Ventral to the pubic symphysis
4
Q
Labia majora
A
Outer lip
Like structure contain sweat apocrine, sebaceous gland
Posterior commissier is the regio where the posterior lips join
At the anterio 1/3 round ligament and processes vaginal is are attached
5
Q
Labia majora
A
Male scortum
6
Q
Labia minors
A
Inner lips
7
Q
Medial walls of labia minors is formed by
A
Non keratinised startified squamous epithelium
8
Q
Lateral wall of labia minors formed by
A
keratinised startified squamous epithelium
9
Q
Differentiating line better two walls
A
Hart s line
10
Q
Most common cause of bartholin cancer is
A
Adeno carcinoma
11
Q
Bartholin glands are made of
A
Columnar epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Non keratinised squamous epithelium
12
Q
What is the use of bartholin glands
A
It secretes alkaline mucous during intercourse
13
Q
Bartholin glands are homologous to
A
Bulbouretheral glands/ Cowper
14
Q
Difference between Cowper and bartholin glands
A
Bartholin resident of superficial perineal pouch
Cowper resident of deep perineal pouch
15
Q
Bartholin glands ducts open at
A
In vestibule outside the hymen at the junction of anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3
16
Q
Bartholin cyst
A
Bartholin cyst developed in the vestibule or between the labia majora and minors
17
Q
Bartholin cyst
A
Intermittent painless mass over the vulva
Mass aggravates by intercourseand resobplves on own
18
Q
Barthol gland location
A
4&8 o clock
5&7 o clock
19
Q
Gartners cyst
A
Anterior wall of vagina
20
Q
Management of bartholin cyst
A
Biopsy in case of above 40 yrs
Post menopausal
Solid mass fixed to stricture
21
Q
What is the management of symptomatic bartholin cyst
A
Incision and drainage
22
Q
Management of asymptomatic bartholin cyst
A
<3mm conservative treatment
>3 mm incision and drainage
23
Q
What is marsupulizatiom
A
Bartholin cyst is removed and the linings are exteriozed
Preventing recurrence
24
Q
What is responsible for bartholin abscess
A
Ecoli > gonorrhoea
Incision and drainage
Placement of word catheter
25
Bartholin cancer is most comm seen in
Post menopausal women
26
Uterus shape
Dome shaped
27
Uterus includes
Corpus and body
28
Lower most part of corpus
Isthamus
29
Angles of uterus is called
Cornea
30
Importance of cornua
Fallopian tube opens here
Opening of fallopians tube is called Ostia
At 2 Ostia spincters will be there circular concerntric muscle fibres
31
What are the tube like structures attached at cornua
Round ligament
Fallopian tube
Ovarian ligament from anterior to posterior
32
How tubes are arranged from top to bottom
Above fallopian tube
Below round ligament and ovarian ligament reside at same level
33
Clinical importance of tubes
Tubal ligation
Sterilisation may be failed
34
Course of round ligament
Round ligament from the cornua of uterus to anger abdomina wall from there to via inguinal Cana, get attached to labia majora at anterio 1/3
35
Use of round ligament
They pull the uterus forward direction,thus round ligament helps to keep uterus in anteverted position
36
Angle between cervix and vagina
Anteversion 90’
37
Angle between cervix and uterus
Angle of anger flexi on 120
38
Normal position of uterus in the females
Anterverted and anterflexed
39
Where is isthamus located
anatomical internal os above
histological internal os below
40
Cervix parts
Endocervix/supravaginal part of cervix
Exocervix/ ectocervix/portio vaginalis
41
Endocervix is made of high epithelium
Ecto is made of stratifies squamous epithelium
42
Uterine cavity visualisation
Hysteroscopy
43
Uterus fro. Outside
Laparoscopy
44
Ligaments of uterus
Round ,Iigament
Helps to keep the uterus anterverted
Pubocervical ligament
Cardinal ligament/ mackenrodt / transverse ligament
Uteri sacral ligament
45
Transformation zone changes because
Due to hormones, increasing age
46
Tz will move out in
Ocp usage
Pregnancy
Puberty
47
Nabothian cyst or follicle
When Endocervix come out the ducts gets blocked
No intervention is done
48
Franker hauser ganglion
T10 -l1 supplies uterus
49
Cervix and upper part is supplied by
S2- s4
50
Lower part of vagina and perineum is supplied by
S2 -s4
51
Fund us drain into
Paraaortic lymph nodes
52
Cervix drain into
H internal iliac
O obtrurator
P paracervical
E external iliac node
53
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes does not receive from
Cervix
54
Median umbilical ligament is the remenant
Urachus
55
Medial umbilical ligament is the remenant of
Umbilical artery ligament
1 and 11 o clock positions
56
Inferior eligasteric artery forms
Lateral umbilical ligament a
2 and 10 o clock
57
Most commonly injured vessel
Inferior epigastric
58
From anterior to posterior tubes
Round ligament
Fallopian tube
Ovarian ligament
59
Ovaries are well seen on posterior side
Well seen
60
Isthamus is defined as
Space between anatomical internal is and histological internal oss
61
Deepest fornix is
Posterior fornix
62
Round ligament lies
Anterior to fallopian tube
63
Ovarian ligament lies
Posterior to the fallopian tube
64
Round liga is derived from
Gubernaculam
65
Round ligaments attachment
From cornua of uterus to the anterior 1/3 of the labia majora
66
Function of round ligament
Helps to main anteversion
Of uterus
67
Sampson artery
Round ligament
68
Wt of uterus
60-80 gms - non pregnant
1000 gms pregnant
69
Thickness of endometrium after menstruation
0.5mm
70
Thickness of endometrium after ovulation is
3mm
71
Secretory phase endometrium
6 mm
72
Endometrium at implantation
10-12 mm
73
Endometrium is made of
Columnar epithelium
74
Most common cancer is endometrium
Columnar epit
75
Ashermanns syndrome
Adhered uterine cavity after destroying the basal layer
76
Angle in the anterversion
90 degrees
77
Angle in anteflexion is
120 degrees
78
20 % females have
Retroverted and retroflexed
79
How do you know it is the anteverted uterus
Cervix posterior and fungus palpated anterior
80
Retroverted uterus
Cervix anterior
Fundus palpated posterior
Not easily palpated
81
Pessary used for retro version is
Hodge smith pessary
82
Vagina peritoneal relations
Only posterior upper part of vagina is covered by the peritoneum
83
What is the most dependent part in the body
Pouch of douglas
84
Colpotomy
In the case of pelvic abscess opening of pod is made through which pus is drained
85
Blood in ectopic pregnancy blood is collected in the
Pod and can be approached through posterior fornix
86
Other names of transverse cervical ligament
Mackenrodt
Cardinal
Transverse
87
The ligaments which vaginal attachment can be spared is
Uterosacral ligament
Transverse ligament
88
What are direct support of uterus
Cardinal
Pubocervical
Transverse ligament
Uterosacral
89
Indirect support of uterus is
Round ligament keeps uterus in the anti version
90
Broad ligament
Doesn’t support the uterus
Fold of peritoneum with anterior leaf and posterior leaf going over the utero tubo ovarian pedicle
91
Parts of broad ligament
Mesosalphinx
Mesovarium
Mesometrium
92
Contents of broad ligament
B blood vessels
Uterine artery and nerves
Ovarian vessels an d nerves
R
Round ligament
A artefacts
O oviduct
Ovarian ligament
Uterus
93
Ovary is not content of
Broad ligament
94
Ligament surrounding the uterus are called as
Parametrium
95
Blood supply of uterus
80% from the uterine artery
20 % from the ovarian artery
96
Course of uterine artery
Arises t from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery and takes a sharp turn 2cm lateral to the internal os and supply the uterus
97
Branches of uterine artery from out side to inside
Uarbs
Uterine
Arcuate 1/3 of myometrium
Radial 2/3 of myometrium
Basal artery basal layer of endometrium
Spiral artery supply the functional layer of endometrium
98
Uterine artery supply
Uterus’s
Fallopian Tube
Cervix and vagina
Round ligament
Ureter
99
Blood vessel which constrict and lead to shed of uterus myometrium
Spiral artery
100
Paracervical block is never given In the 3 and 9 o clock because of
Descending cervical vaginal branch
101
Basal artery supples
Functional layer of endometrium
102
Paracervical block is given at
2 and 10 o clock position
103
Cervix is mainly made of
Connective tissue collagen and less muscle fibre smooth muscle less than 10%
104
In pregnancy the cervix becomes
Short and thin
105
What happens in the effacement
MatricmettLo proteinase increases
Break down of collagen and water content increass
106
Shape of external os in nullipara
Pinpoint
107
Shape of external os in the Multi para
Slit shape
108
Endocervix lined by
Columnar epithelium and loss red on per speculum examination
109
Ectocervix /portio vaginalis lined by
stratified squamous epithelium
110
Length of non pregnant cervix
1.25 cm ecto
1;25 cm endo
111
Length of pregnant cervix
2.5cm ecto
2.5cm endo
112
Mc variety of cervical cancer is
Squamous cell carcinoma
113
Mc site of school
Tz
114
Is ectropion isa Premalignant condition
No
115
T10 -L1
Franker hauser ganglion
116
Mcc site of adeno carcinoma of cervix
Endocervix
117
Perineum and lower part of vagina
Pudendal s2-s4
118
Lymphatic drainage of uterus
Internal iliac nodes
External iliac nodes
119
Fundus drain into
Paraaortic nodes
120
Cornua and round ligament drain into
Supposed inguinal lymph node
121
Cervix
Hope
Paracervical
External iliac lymph node
122
Vagina
Fibromuscular distensible hallows muscular tube connecting introitus and cervix
123
Angle made by the vagina with cervix
90
124
Angle made by vagina with the horizontal
45
125
Posterior vaginal wall is longer than anterior vaginal wall
Tru
126
Relations of posterior fornices
Uterine artery
Ovarian artery
Cardinal ligament
127
Lining of vagina is
Non, keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
128
Vagina contains glands
No
129
Cells in the vagina
Superficial Estrogen predominance
Intermediate cells progesterone predominance
Parabasal cells and basal cells
130
Ph of vagina is
Acidic at puberty
Due lactobacillus doderlein bacilli
Convert glycogen to lactic acids
131
Ph of vagina before puberty and after menopause
Neutral 7
132
Superficial cells are also called
Mature cells
133
Ovary size
3*2*1 cm
