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Gynecology > Gynec Anat > Flashcards

Gynec Anat Flashcards

1
Q

Female external genetilia is also called

A

Vulva or pudendum

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2
Q

Parts of vulva

A

Mons pubis
Labia majors
Labia minors

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3
Q

Mons pubis

A

Hair bearing area of the vulva
With underlying subcutaneous fat
This lies Ventral to the pubic symphysis

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4
Q

Labia majora

A

Outer lip
Like structure contain sweat apocrine, sebaceous gland
Posterior commissier is the regio where the posterior lips join
At the anterio 1/3 round ligament and processes vaginal is are attached

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5
Q

Labia majora

A

Male scortum

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6
Q

Labia minors

A

Inner lips

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7
Q

Medial walls of labia minors is formed by

A

Non keratinised startified squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Lateral wall of labia minors formed by

A

keratinised startified squamous epithelium

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9
Q

Differentiating line better two walls

A

Hart s line

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10
Q

Most common cause of bartholin cancer is

A

Adeno carcinoma

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11
Q

Bartholin glands are made of

A

Columnar epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Non keratinised squamous epithelium

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12
Q

What is the use of bartholin glands

A

It secretes alkaline mucous during intercourse

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13
Q

Bartholin glands are homologous to

A

Bulbouretheral glands/ Cowper

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14
Q

Difference between Cowper and bartholin glands

A

Bartholin resident of superficial perineal pouch
Cowper resident of deep perineal pouch

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15
Q

Bartholin glands ducts open at

A

In vestibule outside the hymen at the junction of anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3

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16
Q

Bartholin cyst

A

Bartholin cyst developed in the vestibule or between the labia majora and minors

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17
Q

Bartholin cyst

A

Intermittent painless mass over the vulva
Mass aggravates by intercourseand resobplves on own

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18
Q

Barthol gland location

A

4&8 o clock
5&7 o clock

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19
Q

Gartners cyst

A

Anterior wall of vagina

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20
Q

Management of bartholin cyst

A

Biopsy in case of above 40 yrs
Post menopausal
Solid mass fixed to stricture

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21
Q

What is the management of symptomatic bartholin cyst

A

Incision and drainage

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22
Q

Management of asymptomatic bartholin cyst

A

<3mm conservative treatment
>3 mm incision and drainage

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23
Q

What is marsupulizatiom

A

Bartholin cyst is removed and the linings are exteriozed
Preventing recurrence

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24
Q

What is responsible for bartholin abscess

A

Ecoli > gonorrhoea
Incision and drainage
Placement of word catheter

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25
Q

Bartholin cancer is most comm seen in

A

Post menopausal women

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26
Q

Uterus shape

A

Dome shaped

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27
Q

Uterus includes

A

Corpus and body

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28
Q

Lower most part of corpus

A

Isthamus

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29
Q

Angles of uterus is called

A

Cornea

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30
Q

Importance of cornua

A

Fallopian tube opens here
Opening of fallopians tube is called Ostia
At 2 Ostia spincters will be there circular concerntric muscle fibres

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31
Q

What are the tube like structures attached at cornua

A

Round ligament
Fallopian tube
Ovarian ligament from anterior to posterior

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32
Q

How tubes are arranged from top to bottom

A

Above fallopian tube
Below round ligament and ovarian ligament reside at same level

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33
Q

Clinical importance of tubes

A

Tubal ligation
Sterilisation may be failed

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34
Q

Course of round ligament

A

Round ligament from the cornua of uterus to anger abdomina wall from there to via inguinal Cana, get attached to labia majora at anterio 1/3

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35
Q

Use of round ligament

A

They pull the uterus forward direction,thus round ligament helps to keep uterus in anteverted position

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36
Q

Angle between cervix and vagina

A

Anteversion 90’

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37
Q

Angle between cervix and uterus

A

Angle of anger flexi on 120

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38
Q

Normal position of uterus in the females

A

Anterverted and anterflexed

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39
Q

Where is isthamus located

A

anatomical internal os above
histological internal os below

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40
Q

Cervix parts

A

Endocervix/supravaginal part of cervix

Exocervix/ ectocervix/portio vaginalis

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41
Q

Endocervix is made of high epithelium

A

Ecto is made of stratifies squamous epithelium

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42
Q

Uterine cavity visualisation

A

Hysteroscopy

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43
Q

Uterus fro. Outside

A

Laparoscopy

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44
Q

Ligaments of uterus

A

Round ,Iigament
Helps to keep the uterus anterverted
Pubocervical ligament
Cardinal ligament/ mackenrodt / transverse ligament
Uteri sacral ligament

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45
Q

Transformation zone changes because

A

Due to hormones, increasing age

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46
Q

Tz will move out in

A

Ocp usage
Pregnancy
Puberty

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47
Q

Nabothian cyst or follicle

A

When Endocervix come out the ducts gets blocked
No intervention is done

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48
Q

Franker hauser ganglion

A

T10 -l1 supplies uterus

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49
Q

Cervix and upper part is supplied by

A

S2- s4

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50
Q

Lower part of vagina and perineum is supplied by

A

S2 -s4

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51
Q

Fund us drain into

A

Paraaortic lymph nodes

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52
Q

Cervix drain into

A

H internal iliac
O obtrurator
P paracervical
E external iliac node

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53
Q

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes does not receive from

A

Cervix

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54
Q

Median umbilical ligament is the remenant

A

Urachus

55
Q

Medial umbilical ligament is the remenant of

A

Umbilical artery ligament
1 and 11 o clock positions

56
Q

Inferior eligasteric artery forms

A

Lateral umbilical ligament a
2 and 10 o clock

57
Q

Most commonly injured vessel

A

Inferior epigastric

58
Q

From anterior to posterior tubes

A

Round ligament
Fallopian tube
Ovarian ligament

59
Q

Ovaries are well seen on posterior side

A

Well seen

60
Q

Isthamus is defined as

A

Space between anatomical internal is and histological internal oss

61
Q

Deepest fornix is

A

Posterior fornix

62
Q

Round ligament lies

A

Anterior to fallopian tube

63
Q

Ovarian ligament lies

A

Posterior to the fallopian tube

64
Q

Round liga is derived from

A

Gubernaculam

65
Q

Round ligaments attachment

A

From cornua of uterus to the anterior 1/3 of the labia majora

66
Q

Function of round ligament

A

Helps to main anteversion
Of uterus

67
Q

Sampson artery

A

Round ligament

68
Q

Wt of uterus

A

60-80 gms - non pregnant
1000 gms pregnant

69
Q

Thickness of endometrium after menstruation

A

0.5mm

70
Q

Thickness of endometrium after ovulation is

A

3mm

71
Q

Secretory phase endometrium

A

6 mm

72
Q

Endometrium at implantation

A

10-12 mm

73
Q

Endometrium is made of

A

Columnar epithelium

74
Q

Most common cancer is endometrium

A

Columnar epit

75
Q

Ashermanns syndrome

A

Adhered uterine cavity after destroying the basal layer

76
Q

Angle in the anterversion

A

90 degrees

77
Q

Angle in anteflexion is

A

120 degrees

78
Q

20 % females have

A

Retroverted and retroflexed

79
Q

How do you know it is the anteverted uterus

A

Cervix posterior and fungus palpated anterior

80
Q

Retroverted uterus

A

Cervix anterior
Fundus palpated posterior
Not easily palpated

81
Q

Pessary used for retro version is

A

Hodge smith pessary

82
Q

Vagina peritoneal relations

A

Only posterior upper part of vagina is covered by the peritoneum

83
Q

What is the most dependent part in the body

A

Pouch of douglas

84
Q

Colpotomy

A

In the case of pelvic abscess opening of pod is made through which pus is drained

85
Q

Blood in ectopic pregnancy blood is collected in the

A

Pod and can be approached through posterior fornix

86
Q

Other names of transverse cervical ligament

A

Mackenrodt
Cardinal
Transverse

87
Q

The ligaments which vaginal attachment can be spared is

A

Uterosacral ligament
Transverse ligament

88
Q

What are direct support of uterus

A

Cardinal
Pubocervical
Transverse ligament
Uterosacral

89
Q

Indirect support of uterus is

A

Round ligament keeps uterus in the anti version

90
Q

Broad ligament

A

Doesn’t support the uterus
Fold of peritoneum with anterior leaf and posterior leaf going over the utero tubo ovarian pedicle

91
Q

Parts of broad ligament

A

Mesosalphinx
Mesovarium
Mesometrium

92
Q

Contents of broad ligament

A

B blood vessels
Uterine artery and nerves
Ovarian vessels an d nerves
R
Round ligament

A artefacts
O oviduct
Ovarian ligament
Uterus

93
Q

Ovary is not content of

A

Broad ligament

94
Q

Ligament surrounding the uterus are called as

A

Parametrium

95
Q

Blood supply of uterus

A

80% from the uterine artery
20 % from the ovarian artery

96
Q

Course of uterine artery

A

Arises t from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery and takes a sharp turn 2cm lateral to the internal os and supply the uterus

97
Q

Branches of uterine artery from out side to inside

A

Uarbs
Uterine
Arcuate 1/3 of myometrium
Radial 2/3 of myometrium
Basal artery basal layer of endometrium
Spiral artery supply the functional layer of endometrium

98
Q

Uterine artery supply

A

Uterus’s
Fallopian Tube
Cervix and vagina
Round ligament
Ureter

99
Q

Blood vessel which constrict and lead to shed of uterus myometrium

A

Spiral artery

100
Q

Paracervical block is never given In the 3 and 9 o clock because of

A

Descending cervical vaginal branch

101
Q

Basal artery supples

A

Functional layer of endometrium

102
Q

Paracervical block is given at

A

2 and 10 o clock position

103
Q

Cervix is mainly made of

A

Connective tissue collagen and less muscle fibre smooth muscle less than 10%

104
Q

In pregnancy the cervix becomes

A

Short and thin

105
Q

What happens in the effacement

A

MatricmettLo proteinase increases
Break down of collagen and water content increass

106
Q

Shape of external os in nullipara

A

Pinpoint

107
Q

Shape of external os in the Multi para

A

Slit shape

108
Q

Endocervix lined by

A

Columnar epithelium and loss red on per speculum examination

109
Q

Ectocervix /portio vaginalis lined by

A

stratified squamous epithelium

110
Q

Length of non pregnant cervix

A

1.25 cm ecto
1;25 cm endo

111
Q

Length of pregnant cervix

A

2.5cm ecto
2.5cm endo

112
Q

Mc variety of cervical cancer is

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

113
Q

Mc site of school

A

Tz

114
Q

Is ectropion isa Premalignant condition

A

No

115
Q

T10 -L1

A

Franker hauser ganglion

116
Q

Mcc site of adeno carcinoma of cervix

A

Endocervix

117
Q

Perineum and lower part of vagina

A

Pudendal s2-s4

118
Q

Lymphatic drainage of uterus

A

Internal iliac nodes
External iliac nodes

119
Q

Fundus drain into

A

Paraaortic nodes

120
Q

Cornua and round ligament drain into

A

Supposed inguinal lymph node

121
Q

Cervix

A

Hope
Paracervical
External iliac lymph node

122
Q

Vagina

A

Fibromuscular distensible hallows muscular tube connecting introitus and cervix

123
Q

Angle made by the vagina with cervix

A

90

124
Q

Angle made by vagina with the horizontal

A

45

125
Q

Posterior vaginal wall is longer than anterior vaginal wall

A

Tru

126
Q

Relations of posterior fornices

A

Uterine artery
Ovarian artery
Cardinal ligament

127
Q

Lining of vagina is

A

Non, keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

128
Q

Vagina contains glands

A

No

129
Q

Cells in the vagina

A

Superficial Estrogen predominance

Intermediate cells progesterone predominance

Parabasal cells and basal cells

130
Q

Ph of vagina is

A

Acidic at puberty
Due lactobacillus doderlein bacilli
Convert glycogen to lactic acids

131
Q

Ph of vagina before puberty and after menopause

A

Neutral 7

132
Q

Superficial cells are also called

A

Mature cells

133
Q

Ovary size

A

321 cm

Gynecology (12 decks)

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