Outline of the Cancer Process Flashcards
Most Cancers arise from what?
A single cell
Carcinomas are spread by what?
The lymphatics and blood vessels
What are most non-cancerous adult cells?
Proliferating or Non-proliferating
Non-proliferating
What are the 3 main stages of the cancer process?
Initiation
Promotion
Progression
What is the main physical carcinogen?
Smoking
What is an oncogene?
A positive regulator of growth
Tumour suppressor genes have a negative effect on what?
Cell growth
Tumour suppressor genes encourage what?
Apoptosis
Where do tumours invade from in the cell?
The basement membrane
What does VEGF stimulate?
The formation of new blood vessels
What does the formation of new blood vessels allow the tumour to do?
Sustain itself
What is the name given to the growth of new blood vessels?
Angiogenesis
Name a major Anti-VEGF antibody
Avastin
What does avastin prevent?
The interaction of VEGF with its receptors
What does avastin inhibit?
The progression of a metastatic disease
