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Principles of Disease > Inflammation > Flashcards

Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What is acute inflammation?

A

Series of protective changes occurring in living tissue as response to injury

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2
Q

What are the clinical presentations of chronic inflammation?

A

No specfic sore bit
Feeling unwell
Loss of function

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3
Q

What are the causes of chronic inflammation?

A

Granulation tissue
Inflammatory response to own tissue
Lymphocytes etc…

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4
Q

What are the 3 cell types involved in the chronic inflammation?

A

Lymphocytes
Plasma
Macrophages

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5
Q

What is plasma?

A

Differentiated B-cells

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6
Q

What do T-cells produce in chronic inflammation?

A

Cytokines and interferons

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7
Q

What is the main function of lymphocytes?

A

Immune response and memory

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8
Q

What is a macrophage?

A

Antigen presenting cell, engulfs antigens

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9
Q

Where are macrophages found?

A

Bone marrow and blood tissues

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10
Q

What is the function of macrophages in chronic inflammation?

A

To remove debris

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11
Q

What stimulates granulomatous inflammation?

A

Indigestible antigens

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12
Q

Give 3 examples of infectious granulomatous diseases

A

TB
Leprosy
Syphilis

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13
Q

Give 3 examples of non-infective granulomas

A

Rheumatoid disease
Sarcoidosis
Crohn’s disease

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14
Q

What favours wound healing?

A

Cleanliness
No haematoma
Normal inflammatory mechanism

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15
Q

What impairs wound healing?

A

Dirty haematoma
Poorly nourished
Inhibition of angiogenesis

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16
Q

What is an exudate?

A

Fluid rich in protein and plasma

17
Q

What is an oedema?

A

Accumulation of fluid in the extravascular space

18
Q

What is margination?

A

When neutrophils move to the endothelial aspect of the lumen

19
Q

What is granulation tissue?

A

New capillaries
Fibroblasts
Macrophages

20
Q

What is the name given to pus collection under pressure?

A

An abscess

21
Q

What is granulation tissue?

A

New capillaries (angiogenesis)
Fibroblasts and collagen
Macrophages

22
Q

What is a neutrophil?

A

A mobile phagocyte

23
Q

What can neutrophils denature?

A

Foreign antigens

24
Q

When do neutrophils die?

A

When granule contents is released

25
Q

Why can acute inflammation become chronic inflammation?

A

Failure to remove debris
Large volume of damage
Does not resolve

26
Q

What lays down collagen to repair damaged tissue?

A

Fibroblasts

27
Q

Give two examples of a lymphocyte

A

B-cell

T-cell

28
Q

What do B-cells facilitate?

A

The immune response

29
Q

What do cytokines do?

A

Attract and hold macrophages

30
Q

When is granulomas produced?

A

When an antigen cannot be digested by a macrophage

31
Q

In what disease is a langhans type giant cell usually found?

A

Tuberculosis

32
Q

What type of wound healing is used for larger defects?

A

Secondary intention

33
Q

What do you have to repair in a fracture healing as well as soft tissue?

A

The bony structure

34
Q

What does angiogenesis enable the blood supply to do in inflammation?

A

To enter the damaged tissue

Principles of Disease (21 decks)

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