Other types of bacteria (not gram positive and gram negative) Flashcards
What are the 3 other bacteria groups?
- Acid and alcohol fast (AAFB)
- Spirochaetes
- Miscellaneous
What are 2 acid and alcohol fast (AAFB) bacteria?
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2. Mycobacterium leprae
What does mycobacterium tuberculosis cause?
Cause of tuberculosis. Immunisation available with live attenuated BCG strain.
What does bacterium leprae cause?
Causes leprosy. Diagnosis based on microscopy as culture is not possible.
What are the 3 spirochaetes?
- treponema pallidum (syphillis)
- barrelia burgdorferi (lyme disease)
- Leptospira interrogans (leptospirosis)
What does syphillis (treponema pallidum) cause?
Responsible for syphilis. Diaganosis made by serology as does not grow on artificial culture media.
What does lyme disease (barrelia burgdorferi) cause?
Causes Lyme disease. Transmission by rodent and ruminant host to man by Ixodes tick. Diagnosis by serology as difficult to grow
What does leptospirosis (leptospira interrogans) cause?
Responsible for leptospirosis (Weil’s disease). Transmission by contaminated water through urine excretion. Diagnosis usually by serology for antibody as difficult to culture.
What are the 6 types of miscellaneous bacteria?
- chlamydia pneumoniae
- chlamydia psittacci
- Rickettsia typhi
- Coxiella Burnetti
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- mycoplasma hominis/ ureaplasma urealyticum
What does chlamydia pneumoniae cause?
A cause of community acquired pneumonia. Culture is difficult therefore serology is best option for diagnosis (this is unsatisfactory at present however)
What does chlamydia psittacci cause?
Cause of psittacosis and ornithosis. Presents as pneumonia. Pregnant women at risk of abortion. Diagnosis usually serological.
What does Rickettsia typhi cause?
Causes murine typhus, transmitted by fleas on rats
What does mycoplasma pneumoniae cause?
Cause of atypical pneumonia and post-puerpural fever. Diagnosis serological usually.
What does mycoplasma hominis/ ureaplasma urealyticum cause?
May be involved in pelvic inflammatory disease and post-puerpural fever. Cannot be grown on conventional media, special media must be used.
