Other systems - GI anatomy Flashcards
Upper GI
Mouth
Esophagus - transports food to stomach
Stomach - Grinding of food, secretion of hydrochloric acid and other exocrine functions, secretion of hormones for digestive enzymes from liver, pancreas, gallbladder
Lower GI
Small intestine
Duodenum - neutralizes acid in food from stomach and mixes pancreatic and biliary secretions
Jejunum - Absorbs water, electrolytes and nutrients
Ileum - Absorbs bile and intrinsic factors that can be recycled
Lower GI
Large intestine
Ascending - transverse - descending - sigmoid - rectum - anus
Continues to absorb water and electrolytes stores and eliminates undigested food
Gland organs
Gall bladder - stromes and realses bile into duodenum to assist with digestion
Liver - bil produced and absorbs lipid soluble substances, assist with RBC and vit K production, regulates serum level of cards, protiens, fats
Pancreas- Exocrine - secretes bicarbonate and digestive enzymes into duodenum
Endocrine -secretes insulin, glucagon, and other hormones into blood to regulate serum glucose activity/
Anastomosis
Joinign of 2 ducts, vessels or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
Ascites
Fluid in the peritoneal cavity, usually causing abdominal swelling
Barium
Substance that makes upper Gi tract visible on xray
Colostomy
Surgical creation of an opening from the color through the abdominal wall
Fistula
abnormal or surgically made passage that forms between 2 organs or between 2 different parts of the intestine
Helicobacter pylori
causes infection in the stomach. Causative agent in peptic ulcers
Mesentary
A fold of the peritoneum that carries blood vessels and lymph glands, and attaches various organs to the abdominal wall
Varacies
LArge swollen veins that develop in the esophagus or stomach often causing internal bleeding
