Other systems - Bariatrics

Question 1

BMI

Answer 1

Underweight <18.5

Normal 18.5 - 24.9

Obese > 30

Question 2

Peripheral fat distribution

Answer 2

Pear shape = gluteofemoral obesity (more common in women

Central fat distribution = apple shape - more associated with CV disease and DM2

Question 3

Bariatric surgery requirements

Answer 3

last resort

BMI > 40 or 35 need to show interventions are unsuccessful

Restrictive, malabsorptive or both

Roux en Y gastric bypass = most common

Lap band (laparoscopic) = least invasive

Question 4

Vit A

Answer 4

Essential for eyes, epithelial tissue, growth and development, and reproduction
- Foods vitamin A green, orange, yellow veggies, liver, butter, egg yolks, and fortified margarine

Symptoms of deficiency: night blindness, rough/dry skin, growth failure.

Toxicity: appetite loss, hair loss and enlarged liver/spleen

Question 5

Vitamin D

Answer 5

Increase blood flow of minerals (calcium, phosphorus)

Milk, fish, oils, fortified margarine

Symptoms deficiency: faulty bone growth, rickets, osteomalacia

Question 6

Vit E

Answer 6

Antioxidant in cell membranes, important for integrity of the cells that are exposed to high levels of O2

Symptoms: breakdown of RBC
Toxicity - decreased thyroid hormone levels and increased triglycerides

Question 7

Vit K

Answer 7

Synthesis of 2 proteins in clotting

Question 8

Calcium

Answer 8

Facilitates muscle contraction and relaxation, builds strong cones and teeth, aids in congestion

Question 9

Choloride

Answer 9

Maintenance of fluid and acid base balance

Question 10

Mangesium

Answer 10

Builds strong bones and teeth, activates enzymes and helps regulate heart beat

Question 11

Phosphorus

Answer 11

Strengthens bones, assist in oxidation of fats and carbs, aids in maintaining acid-base balance

Toxicity: muscle spasms

Question 12

Potassium

Answer 12

Maintains fluid acid base balance

Question 13

Chromium

Answer 13

Controls glucose metablos,

Question 14

Cobalt

Answer 14

Component of b12 to activate enzymes

Deficiency: pernicious anemia
Toxicity: polycythemia and increased blood volume

Question 15

Copper

Answer 15

Facilitates hemoglobin synthesis and lipid metabilism

Toxicity: Wilson’s Disease

Question 16

Flourine

Answer 16

aides in the formation of bones and teeth and prevents OP

Question 17

Iodine

Answer 17

Assist with the regulation of cell metabolism and basal metabolic rate`

Question 18

Iron

Answer 18

Assist in oxygen transport and cell oxidation

Question 19

Maganese

Answer 19

bone structure and enzyme component in general metabolism

Question 20

Selenium

Answer 20

Synergistic antioxidant with vitamin E

Question 21

Molybdenum

Answer 21

Component of 3 enzymes in particular that are necessary for cell functioning

Question 22

Zinc

Answer 22

Immune function and cell division