Other Systems - Genitourinary

Question 1

Coccydynia

Answer 1

Coccyx and sacrum become HYPERmobile leading to soft tissue pain.

Subluxation after delivery. Difficulty sitting on hard surfaces, referred pain to the back, SI joint, hip buttock, groin or rectum areas, pain with bowel movements, dyspareunia, and formation of hemorrhoids

Treatment: heat, myofascial release, muscle energy, postural training, stretching, sitting

Question 2

Diastasis Recti

Answer 2

Separation of rectus abdominis muscle along linea alba that can occuring during pregnancy. Testing is supine with head and shoulders off plinth.

Width > 2 finger +ve D.R

Question 3

Endometriosis

Answer 3

Endometriosis of endometrial tissue in extrauterine location within the abdomen and pelvis - UTEROSACRAL ligament most common

LBP, irregular menstrual cycles, premenstrual spotting, dyspareunia, pain with defecation

Treatment: myofascial release, deep tissue massage, relaxation exercises

Question 4

ED

Answer 4

25-85% in men with diabetes

Diabetes ED occur 10-15 years earlier than in men without diabetes

Question 5

Neurogenic Bladder

Answer 5

Damage to cerebral control that allows for urinary dysfunction. increase in UTI

From diabetes, diminished bladder capacity, hyperactive detrusor muscle, CVA, infection, kidney damage

Question 6

Prostatitis

Answer 6

From bacterial infection or back up of prostate secretions within the gland.

Acute bacterial prostatitis I, chronic bacterial prostatitis II, Chronic pelvic pain syndrome III, Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis, Chronic pelvic pain syndrome III, and asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis

Question 7

Acute Renal Failure

Answer 7

Sudden decline in renal function

Increase BUN and creatine

Oliguria, hyperkalemia, sodium retention

Parenal etiology is is secondary to decrease in blood flow typically due to shock, hemorrhage, burn, or pulmonary embolism

Question 8

Chronic rental failure

Answer 8

Progressive deterioration in renal function

DM

Severe HTN

Glomerulopathies

Obstructive uropathy

Interstitial nephritis

Polycystic kidney disease

Question 9

Symphysis Pubis

Answer 9

Separation of symphysis pubis during delivery.

Severe pain in area and SI joints. Blood in urine due to injury to urethra or bladder neck

Question 10

Stress incontinence

Answer 10

Loss of urine dye to increase intraabdominal pressure (sneezing, coughing, laughing, running)

Question 11

Urge Incontinence

Answer 11

Intense urge to void to the detrusor muscle of bladder. Most common in geriatric population

Overactive bladder, changes in smooth muscle bladder, association with neuro disorders (MS, SCI, CVA, parkinsons)

Triggered by certain events “key in lock”

Question 12

Overflow incontinence

Answer 12

Loss of urine when intra-bladder pressure exceeds urethra’s capacity to remain closed

Presented as weak void

Due to outflow obstruction or narrowing

Question 13

Functional urinary incontinence

Answer 13

Loss of urine due to inability or willingness of a person to use bathroom

Mental awareness and decreased mobility

Question 14

Uterine cancer

Answer 14

Affects the endometrium (lining of uterus) as an imbalance of hormones (estrogen/progesterone). Endometrium becomes thicker over time

Signs: unexpected vaginal bleeding, abnormal menstrual cycles, vaginal discharge, pelvic or lower abdominal pain

Question 15

Anuria

Answer 15

indaequate urine output 24hr period <100mL (severe dehydration, shock, ESRD

Question 16

Cystocele

Answer 16

Buglding of bladder into vagina

Question 17

Ectopic

Answer 17

Implantation of fertilized ovum outside of the uterus. The fallopian tube is most common site of ectopic pregnancy

Question 18

Nephrolithiasis

Answer 18

Developing crystal formations

Question 19

Oliguria

Answer 19

Inadequate urine output 24 hour period < 400mL

Question 20

Rectocele

Answer 20

Bulging of anterior wall of rectum into vagina secondary to weakening of pelvic supporting structures

Question 21

Urinary frequency

Answer 21

> 8 times in 24 hours