Other Liquids Flashcards
What is Bottled in Bond (BiB)?
5 req?
2 Producers?
Bottled in Bond Act of 1897 is a label designation for distilled spirits almost exclusively to American whiskey.
At this time whiskey was typically sold out of barrel, and was regularly adulterated.
- Made by 1 distiller, at a single distillery.
- Produced within 1 season.
- Bottled at precisely 100 proof (50% abv).
- Matured for at least 4 years in wood barrel at a US
bonded warehouse. - won’t contain sugars, colorings or flavorings (cant? –
check)
Old Fitzgerald (wheated), Kentucky Whiskey (Heaven Hill dist.)
Jack Daniels (BIB range)
Bourbon Whiskey Requirements (3)?
Aging req. to be labelled as ‘Kentucky’?
Min. 51% maize plus rye, wheat or malted barley (typically 3 of 4).
Distilled in a continuous still
Matured in charred new oak casks for a minimum 4 years.
To use the term Kentucky, it must be distilled and matured in Kentucky for a minimum of 1 of these 4 years.
American Rye Whiskey Req (3)
Distilled mainly from a wash containing a minimum of 51% rye.
Continuous still
Aged for a minimum of 2 years in new charred oak barrels.
America’s oldest continuous working whiskey distillery?
5 additional labels under contract?
Buffalo Trace, 1805, Frankfort, Kentucky. Had a special medicinal dispensation over Prohibition. In addition to their own label Buffalo Trace they also distill & age under contract:
- Blantons
- Eagle Rare
- Old Rip Van Winkle (since 2002, prev. Stitzel-Weller
distillery [dead] stock from 1972. Wheated) - Weller (wheated bourbon, fmr. Stitzel-Weller
distillery also) - George T. Stagg
Which American Spirit mandates sour mash in production?
Tennessee Whiskey
What is The Lincoln County Process and which state/designation does it refer too?
What is a synonym?
1 producer exemption?
Refers to filtering (or steeping in) the new-made spirit through layers of maple charcoal before barrel aging by law for Tennessee Whiskey.
‘Mellowing’
Ironically the only producer exemption is craft distillery Benjamin Prichard – the only remaining distillery in Lincoln County as redistricting placed Jack Daniels distillery in neighbouring Moore County.
Other distilleries also adopt this process such as Kentucky Bourbon Jim Beam.
What is Sour Mash Whisky?
Which style req this?
1 producer?
Sour mash is made by using some of the spent mash from one fermentation to start the next. This will continue the flavour and style.
Tennessee by law must be sour mash.
Makers Mark (Kentucky) is an example of a sour mash whiskey. It is also a “Wheated” mash bill with Corn, Wheat & Barley but no Rye.
Corn Whiskey Req?
80% maize (corn) mash.
Tennessee Whiskey req? (5)
- Must be made in the State of Tennessee
- Sour mash whiskey
- min. 51% corn
- The Lincoln County Process
- matured in new charred oak
Interestingly there is no still specified and no min. aging req although the law states in must be in new oak… a min. of 4 years is common
Name 5 Mexican Spirits made from Succulents?
Tequila DO
Mezcal DO
Bacanora DO (Agave Pacifica)
Raicilla (Jalisco state. Lechuguilla & Puta de mula agave only)
Sotol DO (wild sotol plants aka. Desert spoon)
Define Succulents?
Succulents are plants that are more than normally thickened and fleshy, usually to retain water in arid climates or soil conditions.
Derived from the Latin term sucus meaning juice or sap. The leaves are long and sharp, and their sap is poisonous.
Common misnomer that Agave are related to cacti or aloe. Agave is a kind of succulent. The key difference between the two is that CACTI DO NOT HAVE LEAVES, whereas Agaves have large leaves that have spiny tips.
Mexican Spirit derived from sugarcane?
Charanda DO (similar to rum)
2 synonyms for Blue Agave?
Biggest state of production for Tequila DO?
maguey azul or blue maguey.
Jalisco @ 80% is the biggest of the 5 states.
5 of the 7 Noble Agave species for Mezcal DO production?
Espadín ‘espa-dean’: 7-8 years to mature. Has a high sugar concentration and generally yields larger volumes of spirit than other agave species. 80-90% of all production.
Mexicano: makes full-bodied mezcals, fruity and smoky. Smooth was a touch of anise.
Tepeztate ‘tepez-tatay’: Can take up to 35 years to reach maturity. Very low yields – a third of Espadín; it is however the most aromatic of all mezcals with rich, earthy aromas and notes of ripe tropical fruit – spends so much time in the ground extracting flavours..
Cenizo ‘sen-ezo’: can take on aromas from the huizache [sweet acacia] and mesquite trees that are so abundant where it’s grown,” says Durango-based maestro mezcalero Pablo Díaz. “It has a sweet flavour with hints of burnt caramel”. Mesquite is prized in BBQ for its earthy, Smokey sweetness. ‘Cenizo’ means ash because of the colour.
Tobalá: Low yielding – one of the smallest agave species. Often 12-17 years to mature. Tropical fruit and spice.
Who is credited with the creation of Bourbon?
definition of creation?
distillery?
mash bill?
Reverend Elijah Craig is credited with the creation of Bourbon in 1789 as he was the first to age his corn whiskey in CHARRED oak barrels.
Elijah Craig
Heaven Hill distillery, Kentucky (Largest in the US).
Elijah Craig Small Batch Bourbon has a very traditional bourbon mash bill of 78 percent corn (high), 10 percent rye and 12 percent malted barley
Which 3 states are permitted to produce both Tequila and Mezcal?
- Michoacán ‘mitch-o-a-kan’
- Guanajuato ‘guana-wato’
- Tamaulipas – political addition later. More inland and
not contiguous on the west coast like the others Tequila
states “tamal-lipas”.
2 Oldest (operating) distillery’s in the world?
1575 — Lucas Bols Distillery, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Started making liquors with cumin, cardamom, and orange.
1608 — Old Bushmills Distillery, Northern Ireland. Worlds oldest Whiskey distillery. Company itself wasn’t founded until 1784.
What temperature does alcohol evaporate (boil) at?
78.37 degrees Celsius / 173 degrees Fahrenheit
Breckenridge, Colorado @ 2,926m – alcohol evaporates at 71.22
2 distillery’s from the Island of Arran?
- House of Arran
- Lagg distillery (production started in
2019) – owned by Arran?
3 distillery’s from Campbeltown?
- Glengyle (purchased by Springbank 2004, fmr. closed
for 80years) - Glen Scotia (Haunted - peated & unpeated)
- Springbank
Its single malts are often described as maritime. For some, that means the saltiness of the taste; for others, it indicates the oiliness of the texture.
What divides the Lowlands from the Highlands?
What is the traditional Lowlands style?
4 distillery’s from the Lowlands?
Clyde Estuary and runs West to East to the River Tay (longest in Scotland).
Production wise this is home to blended whiskys and large quantitys of grain whisky which form its foundation. Notably Cameronbridge (Diageo), the largest grain distillery in Europe - for Vodka also.
Tripple pot still distillation. Lighter & softer. ‘Lowland ladies’.
- Auchentoshan
- Glenkinchie
- Rosebank (reopened in 2024)
2 distillery’s from the Isle of Orkney/Orkney Islands archipelago?
Water source?
Peat Difference?
(the only 2?)
Both the main island namely called ‘mainland’
- Highland Park (Scotland’s most
northern distillery) - Scapa
Cattie Maggie’s spring (hard water).
Orkney peat is primarily decomposed heather. There is less moss in it and no woody remnants, so the resulting peat reek is lighter and sweeter with more dried floral elements and less of the pronounced medicinal and phenolic aromas than those found in Islay or the other western islands.
The whisky’s tend to have a whisper of Orkney’s salty sea spray in the aromatic peat smoke.
9 Distillery’s of Islay?
What is the name of the local Maltser?
Most important Island.
Ardnahoe
Ardbeg
Bunnahabhain
Bowmore
Bruichladdich (unpeated) / Octomore
Caol Ila
Kilchoman
Laphroaig
Lagavulin
Port Ellen Malting
Name 7 of Scotland’s Whisky Islands North to South?
Orkney
Lewis - Abhainn Dearg (also known as Red River)
Skye - Talisker
Mull - Tobermory
Jura
Islay - excluded?
Arran (more delicate)
