Other GI

Question 1

What is a pseudo-obstruction in the bowel?

Answer 1

Caused by low electrolytes

Question 2

What can cause a bowel obstruction?

Answer 2

Adhesions, hernias, malignancy, volvulus, dementia, Parkinsons, MS

Question 3

S+S gallstones

Answer 3

Biliary colic
N+V
Pain worse on eating fatty foods, may radiate to back
Positive Murphys sign = palpate liver border + pain on inhalation

Question 4

S+S upper GI bleed

Answer 4

Malaena
Coffee ground vomit
Hypotensive + tachycardic

Question 5

Causes of upper GI bleed

Answer 5

Ulcers
Mallory weiss tear
oesophageal varices
malignancy

Question 6

What is the Rockall score used for?

Answer 6

Assess risk of rebleed in GI bleeds

Uses age, shock, co-morbidity, diagnosis + evidence of current bleeding

Question 7

What are the RF for gout?

Answer 7

CV RF
Aspirin, thiazides
Fish + red meats

Question 8

Management of gout

Answer 8

NSAIDs
Colchicine
Corticosteroids

Question 9

S+S pancreatitis

Answer 9

Epigastric/ LUQ pain 
N+V 
Steatorrhoea 
Jaundice
Tachycardia

Question 10

Causes of pancreatitis

Answer 10

Obstruction of bicarbonate secretion which activates pancreatic enzymes - leads to necrosis

Question 11

investigations for pancreatitis

Answer 11

Raised serum amylase

Secretin stimulation test