Other endocrine Flashcards
S+S Addisons
Fatigue Weakness N+V Weight loss Abdo pain Diarrhoea/ constipation Muscle cramps Hyperpigmentation Hypotension
Causes of Addisons
Primary = inability to produce enough steroids in adrenal glands Secondary = inadequate stimulation by pituitary glands
Blood results for Addisons
Hyponatraemia Hyperkalaemia Hypercalcaemia Raised LFTs Reduced cortisol ACTH = high in primary, low in secondary
Management of addisons
Glucocorticoids + mineralcorticoids
S+S hyperparathyroidism
Bone pain Renal calculi Muscle weakness Proximal myopathy N+V Constipation Polyuria/ dipsia
Blood results for hyperparathyroidism
High calcium
High PTH
Low phosphate
Causes of hyperparathyroidism
Hyperplasia
Adenoma
Carcinoma
Treatment of hyperparathyroidism
Bisphosphonates
Grave’s disease features
Thyroid acropachy Eye disease Pretibial myxoedema TSH receptor Ab Proximal myopathy Hyperthyroidism S+S
Mechanism of hyperthyroidism
Reduced TRH causes low TSH
Raised T3 + T4
Management of hyperthyroidism
Carbimazole
Beta blockers
Causes of hypothyroidism
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Iodine deficiency
Anti-TPO Ab
Management of hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine
Mechanism of thyroid gland
Gland releases T4 (thyroxine) which is converted to T3
Controlled by TSH which is released by pituitary
S+S parathyroid adenoma
Hyperparathyroidism: bone fractures, kidney stones, polyuria
Depression, N+V, myalgia, abdo pain
