Other Colonic Disorders

Question 1

Inflammation obstruction by fecalith (in adults) or lymphoid hyperplasia (in children)?

Answer 1

Appendicitis

Question 2

McBurney point, Rovsing sign?

Answer 2

Appendicitis

Question 3

Blind pouch A protruding from the alimentary tract that communicates with the lumen of the gut?

Answer 3

Diverticulum

Question 4

All 3 gut wall layers outpouch

Answer 4

“True” diverticulum

Question 5

Example of “True” diverticulum

Answer 5

(e.g., Meckel)

Question 6

Only mucosa and submucosa outpouch.

Answer 6

“False” diverticulum or pseudodiverticulum

Question 7

Diverticulosis MOA?

Answer 7

Increased intraluminal pressure and focal weakness in colonic wall. Associated with low-fiber diets.

Question 8

LLQ pain, fever, leukocytosis?

Answer 8

Diverticulitis

Question 9

Diverticulum most commonly occurs where?

Answer 9

where vasa recta perforate muscularis externa

Question 10

Diverticulitis can cause two things, what are they?

Answer 10

perforate

Fistula

Question 11

What kind of diverticulum is Zenker’s Diverticulum?

Answer 11

False diverticulum

Question 12

Because it is a False diverticulum, it only goes through?

Answer 12

Mucosa/Submucosa NOT muscularis layer

Question 13

An Elderly Male with foul breath from trapped food particles=>food rottening (halitosis) and dysphagia

Answer 13

Zenker Diverticulum

Question 14

Zenker is a herniation between?

Answer 14

thyropharyngeal

and cricopharyngeal

Question 15

Zenker vs Meckel Diverticulum, which one is true?

Answer 15

Angela Merkel is True

True Diverticulum

Question 16

Meckel Diverticulum is due to?

Answer 16

Persistence of the vitelline duct.

Question 17

Meckel Diverticulum is the MC?

Answer 17

congenital anomaly of GI tract

Question 18

Meckel Diverticulum can have how many ectopic tissues?

Answer 18

2 gastric and pancreatic

Question 19

Diverticulum MOA?

Answer 19

Pulsion

Question 20

What are the 2’s of Meckel’s?

Answer 20

The five 2’s:
2 inches long.
2 feet from the ileocecal valve.
2% of population.
Commonly presents in first 2 years of life. May have 2 types of epithelia (gastric/
pancreatic).

Question 21

Telescoping of proximal bowel segment into distal segment and intermittent abdominal pain often with “currant jelly” stools?

Answer 21

Intussusception

Question 22

Describe Intussusception in one phrase?

Answer 22

Dragging the bowel towards the side of peristalsis

Question 23

Intussusception in kids is MC due to?

Answer 23

Lymphoid hyperplasia

Question 24

Intussusception in adults is MC due to?

Answer 24

Tumor

Question 25

How do you describe Hirschsprung Disease?

Answer 25

Obstruction
Suction
Constipation

Question 26

Hirschsprung Disease MOA?

Answer 26

lack of ganglion cells/enteric nervous plexuses (Auerbach and Meissner plexuses) in segment of colon

Question 27

Why is there a lack of ganglion cells?

Answer 27

failure of neural crest cell migration

Question 28

Hirschsprung Disease is associated with what gene?

Answer 28

RET gene

Question 29

RET gene is on?

Answer 29

Chr. 10

Question 30

Signs of Hirschsprung Disease (name 3)

Answer 30

bilious emesis, failure to pass meconium=>constipation; Megacolon

Question 31

Hirschsprung risk is increased in?

Answer 31

Down Syndrome

Down with the ganglions

Question 32

How is Hirschsprung Dx?

Answer 32

Rectal Suction biospy=>lack of ganglion cells

Question 33

If you have compromised blood supply, what will your stool look like?

Answer 33

currant jelly

Question 34

Acute mesenteric ischemia is blockage of

Answer 34

SMA

Question 35

most common cause of small bowel obstruction?

Answer 35

Adhesion

Question 36

High Stress on the Right Side with Tortuous dilation of vessels that leads to 􏰂hematochezia?

Answer 36

Angiodysplasia

Question 37

Pain after eating􏰂 creates weight loss and infarction of watershed areas?

Answer 37

Ischemic colitis

Question 38

Meconium ileus happens in?

Answer 38

CF

Question 39

Necrosis of intestinal mucosa (primarily colonic)?

Answer 39

Necrotizing enterocolitis