Esophageal Diseases

Question 1

Achalasia MOA?

Answer 1

Failure of relaxation of LES due to loss of myenteric (Auerbach) plexus

Question 2

What does Achalasia lead to?

Answer 2

progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids

Question 3

Patient only has dysphagia to solids what do you think of?

Answer 3

obstruction—solids only

Question 4

Patient only has dysphagia to solids and liquids what do you think of?

Answer 4

Achalasia

Question 5

Achalasia increases risk for?

Answer 5

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 6

MC 2º cause of Achalasia?

Answer 6

Chagas Disease

Question 7

What is associated with lye ingestion?

Answer 7

Esophageal strictures

Question 8

Dilated submucosal veins   in lower 1 ⁄3 of esophagus 2° to portal hypertension

Answer 8

Esophageal varices

Question 9

Esophagitis is seen in 3 bugs where?

Answer 9

Candida: white pseudomembrane;
HSV-1: punched-out ulcers;
CMV: linear ulcers

Question 10

nocturnal cough and dyspnea, adult-onset asthma?

Answer 10

GERD

Question 11

GERD MOA?

Answer 11

Decrease in LES tone

Question 12

Mucosal lacerations at the gastroesophageal junction due to severe vomiting?

Answer 12

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

Question 13

Dysphagia, Iron deficiency anemia, and Esophageal webs and glossitis?

Answer 13

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Plumbers” DIE

Question 14

Plummer-Vinson syndrome will lead to an increased risk of?

Answer 14

esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Question 15

A patient with acid reflux and dysphagia that has no wrinkling hands and feet

Answer 15

Sclerodermal esophageal dysmotility

Question 16

Sclerodermal esophageal dysmotility MOA?

Answer 16

Esophageal smooth muscle atrophy=>􏰂􏰁LES pressure and dysmotility

Question 17

What is the problem in barrett’s esophagus

Answer 17

Metaplasia=>nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium with intestinal epithelium=> nonciliated columnar with goblet cells in distal esophagus

Question 18

What is the long term problem with barrett’s esophagus?

Answer 18

esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Question 19

Progressive dysphagia (first solids, then liquids) and weight loss?

Answer 19

Esophageal cancer

Question 20

Most Common Esophageal cancer is America?

Answer 20

Adenocarcinoma

Question 21

Adenocarcinoma happens more along which part of the esophagus

Answer 21

Distal 1/3=> ass side 1/3

Question 22

Which causes cause adenocarcinoma?

Answer 22

Acid Reflux, Ass side, A Fat person

Question 23

Which causes cause both adenocarcinoma and squamous ?

Answer 23

cigarette

Question 24

Upper 1/3 esophagus drains to?

Answer 24

cervical nodes

Question 25

Middle 1/3 esophagus drains to?

Answer 25

Mediastinal/trachea nodes

Question 26

Lower 1/3 esophagus drains to?

Answer 26

Celiac/gastric nodes

Question 27

An Alcoholic who has painful hematemesis?

Answer 27

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

Question 28

Mallory-Weiss syndrome MC occurs in what kind of patients?

Answer 28

Buliemics and alcoholics

Question 29

An Alcoholic who has Painless hematemesis?

Answer 29

Esophageal Varices

Question 30

MCC of death in cirrhoris patients?

Answer 30

rupture of Esophageal Varices