Other cardiac pathologies Flashcards
1
Q
bradycardia
A
<50 bpm
SA node injury
2
Q
Tachycardia
A
> 100 bpm
- fear, p!, emotion, exertion
- fever, CHF, infection, anemia, hemorrhage, hyperthyroidism
3
Q
myocarditis
A
- inflammation of myocardium
- usually caused by viral infection
- can lead to HF, dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, sudden death
4
Q
Causes for Diabetic Heart Disease
A
- metabolic effects due to FFA and insulin resistance
- myocardial fibrosis and ECM changes
- autonomic dysfunction reduced HRR
- reduced perfusion due to small vessel disease
5
Q
Pericarditis
A
- swelling/irritation of pericardium
6
Q
Pericarditis causes
A
may be caused by viral infection or MI, but often idiopathic
7
Q
Pericarditis is often associated with
A
- autoimmune diseases (RA, SLE)
- radiation therapy
- comorbidity with renal failure
8
Q
Pericarditis treatment
A
focus on symptom management
9
Q
Pericarditis signs/symptoms
A
- sharp chest pain (pleural membrane rubbing)
- pericardial rub sound
- pleuritic chest p! worse in supine, inhaling deeply, or cough. relieved by leaning forward
10
Q
Constrictive Pericarditis
A
- fibrotic, thickened, adherent pericardium
- constricting secondary to limited expansion during systole
- restricted movement and function
- often causes R sided HF
11
Q
Constrictive Pericarditis leads to
A
- reduced EDV
- CO and venous pressure increase
12
Q
Pericardial effusion
A
- fluid accumulation within pericardial sac
- compresses the heart, reduces ventricular diastolic filling, reduces CO
13
Q
Pericardial effusion cause
A
- blunt force trauma
- acute pericarditis
14
Q
Aneurysm
A
- abnormal dilation in wall of artery, vein, or heart with a diameter at least 50% greater than normal
15
Q
How is an Aneurysm named?
A
By location:
- aortic
- thoracic aortic
- abdominal aortic
- femoral and popliteal
