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Cardiopulm > Exercise 101 > Flashcards

Exercise 101 Flashcards

1
Q

Common goal of PT and exercise

A

bring improvements in strength and aerobic capacity, flexibility, and improved functional capacity

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2
Q

Aerobic exercise / reconditioning

A
  • enhanced pulmonary performance
  • enhanced cardiac performance
  • enhanced blood flow
  • enhanced ability of tissue to extract and utilize delivered O2
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3
Q

What measure is used as an indirect assessment of aerobic capacity?

A

VO2 max

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4
Q

Reaching VO

A
  1. RER > 1.15
  2. Leveling off O2 consumption despite increased workload
  3. elevated lactate levels
  4. achievement of age predicted HR max
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5
Q

What is the gold standard for determining cardiorespiratory fitness

A

VO2 max

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6
Q

VO2 max, or max oxygen consumption, refers to

A

maximum amount of O2 that an individual can utilize during intense or max exercise

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7
Q

Factors that influence VO2 max

A 
1. Gender
2, Family Hx
3. Age
4. Body composition
5. Training status
6. Altitude
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8
Q

Tests used for assessing submax exercise capacity

A
  1. 6 min walk test
  2. Fixed Work Load Tests
  3. Submaximal Treadmill Test
  4. Step Test
  5. Cycling tests
  6. Duke Activity Scale
  7. Grodin Leisure Time Questionnaire
  8. Wearables
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9
Q

What test for submax exercise uses paper and pencil

A

Duke Activity Scale

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10
Q

Estimating VO2 peak

A
  1. describe max aerobic capacity / max fitness status of an individual
  2. use it to write exercise prescription
  3. use it to demonstrate improvement in exercise capacity associated w/reconditioning
  4. develop treatment goals
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11
Q

Physical benefits of CV exercise

A

1, reduce body fat

  1. increase aerobic capacity
  2. increase lung volume
  3. reduces demands on the heart
  4. lowers BP
  5. reduces RF for many diseases
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12
Q

Mental benefits of CV exercise

A
  1. reduces anxiety

2. improves mild-mod depression, self esteem, and mood

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13
Q

1 MET = __ ml/kg/min

A

3.5

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14
Q

Anaerobic Fitness:

Determinants of Str

A
  1. # of motor units recruited
  2. Frequency of motor unit firing
  3. Quality of motor unit synchronization
  4. Muscle Fiber Type
  5. Cross sectional area and Str
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15
Q

Assessments for anaerobic fitness

A
  1. MMT
  2. 1 rep max
  3. 8-10 rep max test
  4. Hand held dynamometer
  5. Isokinetic testing
  6. Power testing (wingate, stair tests)
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16
Q

Benefits of improved anaerobic capacity

A
  1. talk about increased str
  2. greater balance/reduced fall risk
  3. muscle str associated w/physical function in older adults
17
Q

Muscle decline associated with aging:

Sarcopenia

A
  1. muscle decline associated with aging
  2. Reduced muscle mass (usually type II)
  3. Can be helped with str training
18
Q

Muscle decline associated with aging:

Reduction in capillary blood supply

A

can be helped with endurance training

19
Q

Muscle decline associated with aging:

Fewer satellite cells

A

Increased myostatin production

20
Q

How common is frailty

A

10% in those over 65

50% in those over 85

21
Q

Strength Considerations for Frailty

A

> 5 sec to walk 4 m or 4.57 > 15 ft.

> 270 kcal per week of activity

22
Q

Frailty criteria

A
  1. increased physical disability
  2. worsening mobility
  3. increased risk for morbidity and mortality
  4. increased risk for falls
  5. increased risk for hospital stays
23
Q

How many criteria is considered prefrail?

A

1-2

24
Q

How many criteria is considered frail?

A

3

25
Q

Carolina Frailty Index

A
  • includes ADL and physical function questions

- predictive of all cause mortality in older adults with cancer

26
Q

Power

A

amount of work produced over time

Power = force x velocity

27
Q

T/F: Power is more important than strength for performing ADLS with frail nursing home residents

A

True

28
Q

Tests to measure Power

A
  1. peak cycling test
  2. stair climb test
  3. 30 sec repeated sit to stand
29
Q

Stair Climbing Power Test

A

Determine time required to climb 10 stairs as quickly and safely as possible

30
Q

Acute CV response to exercise

A
  • increased HR
  • increased CO
  • increased SV
  • increased SP and MAP
  • decreased (or no change) DP
  • decreased total peripheral resistance
31
Q

If SP fails to increase or drops below resting levels:

A

stop exercise

32
Q

If DP increases more than 10 mmHg

A

reevaluate

Cardiopulm (20 decks)

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