cardiomyopathies Flashcards
cardiomyopathy
- disorder within the cardiac myocytes themselves
- typically leads to irreversible decline in function
- patients with long term cardiomyopathy often candidates for transplant
Predictor for mortality/morbidity with cardiomyopathy?
Reduced EF
Types of cardiomyopathy
dilated
hypertrophic
restrictive
dilated cardiomyopathy
-chamber dilation and contractile impairment = decreased EF and/or SV
dilated cardiomyopathy remodeling
- begins as a ballooning of LV
- often leads to dilation of other chambers
dilated cardiomyopathy remodeling results in
- heavier
- hypertrophied cardiac myocytes
- loss of myofibrils
- fibrosis
- chamber walls thinned
- systolic dysfunction/red EF
- HF
T/F: dilated is the most common form of cardiomyopathy
True
dilated cardiomyopathy causes:
- genetics
- viral infections (HIV)
- toxins (ETOH, cocaine, cancer drugs)
- metabolic disorders
- myocarditis
Dilated Cardiomyopathy sign/symptoms
signs:
tachypnea, tachycardia, hyper/hypotension
symptoms:
- fatigue
- dyspnea
- SOB
- orthopnea
- paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
- increasing edema, weight, or abdominal growth
dilated cardiomyopathy pertinent findings
- JVD
- hypoxia (cyanosis, clubbing)
- pulmonary edema
- enlarged liver
- ascites or peripheral edema
nonpharmacological management of dilated cardiomyopathy
sodium diet restriction
fluid restriction
dilated cardiomyopathy:
frank-starling law
overstretching (increased LVEDV) leads to failure of myocardial contractile unit.
What type of cardiomyopathy is the single most common cause of death in apparently healthy young people?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
thickened LV wall with non dilated LV chamber
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy:
cause
genetic disease with autosomal (not sex linked) dominance
