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Microbiology > Other Bacteria > Flashcards

Other Bacteria Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ulceroglandular disease at the site of bite

A

Francisella tularensis

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2
Q

Most virulent bacteria; bipolar (safety pin) staining; buboes

A

Y. pestis

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3
Q

DOC for Y. pestis

A

Streptomycin and Tetracycline

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4
Q

Ziehl-neelsen stain

A

M. tuberculosis

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5
Q

Virulence factor of M. tuberculosis which prevents phagosome-lysosomal fusion

A

Exported repetitive protein (Sulfatides)

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6
Q

Most impt virulence factor of M. tuberculosis which prevents leukocyte migration

A

Cord factor

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7
Q

Virulence factor of M. tuberculosis which elicits delayed type hypersensitivity

A

Tuberculin surface protein

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8
Q

Central area of Langhan’s giant cells surrounded by a zone of epithelioid cells

A

Granuloma

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9
Q

A granuloma surrounded by fibrous tissue that has undergone central casseation

A

Tubercle

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10
Q

Subpleural granuloma is also called as?

A

Ghon’s focus

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11
Q

Ghon’s focus + associated lymph node

A

Ghon’s complex

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12
Q

Radiologically detectatable calcification in TB

A

Ranke’s complex

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13
Q

Reactivation TB in apices

A

Simon’s focus

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14
Q

CXR: cicatricial changes, subpleural blebs, cavitation, fibrosis, nodules

A

Reactivation TB

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15
Q

Fungi associated with reactivation TB

A

A. fumigatus

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16
Q

MC extrapulmonary form of TB

A

Scrofula/TB adenitis

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17
Q

Causes Hansen disease; red snappers

A

M. leprae

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18
Q

Positive lepromin skin test

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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19
Q

Paucibacillary leprosy; few lesions; + cell-mediated response

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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20
Q

Hypopigmented plaques, thickened superficial nerves, and significant anesthesia

A

Tuberculoid leprosy

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21
Q

Leonine facies; erythema nodosum leprosum

A

Lepromatous leprosy

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22
Q

Tender red nodules or humps on both shins seen in leprosy; signals acute flare-ups

A

Erythema nodosum leprosum

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23
Q

DOC for tuberculoid leprosy

A

Dapsone

Rifampin

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24
Q

DOC for lepromatous leprosy

A

Dapsone
Rifampin
Clofazimine

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25
Q

DOC for erythema nodosum leprosum

A

Thalidomide

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26
Q

Thalidomide is associated with what congenital malformation?

A

Phocomelia

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27
Q

Hard, nontender swelling with sinus tracts draining sulfur granules

A

Actinomycosis (Actinomyces israelii)

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28
Q

DOC for Actinomycosis

A

Penicillin G + drainage

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29
Q

Manifests as mycetomas and lung and brain abscesses (orange colonies)

A

Nocardiosis (Nocardia asteroides)

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30
Q

Smallest free-living organisms; only bacteria with cholesterol in cell membrane

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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31
Q

Virulence factor of Mycoplasma pneumoniae used for attachment, inhibition of ciliary motion, and necrosis

A

Toll-like receptor 2 protein (P1 adhesin)

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32
Q

MC type of atypical pneumonia (walking pneumonia)

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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33
Q

MC infectious cause of SJS

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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34
Q

DOC for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

A

Erythromycin or azithromycin

35
Q

Coiled spirochete; too thin; microaerophilic; cannot be cultured in vitro

A

Treponema pallidum

36
Q

Chancre: What stage of syphilis infection?

A

Primary syphilis

37
Q

Condyloma acuminata, maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy: What stage of syphilis infection?

A

Secondary syphilis

38
Q

Granulomas (gummas), neurosyphilis; What stage of syphilis infection?

A

Tertiary syphilis

39
Q

Argyll-Robertson pupil; Prostitute’s pupil

A

Tabes dorsalis

40
Q

Snuffles/saddles nose, mulberry molars, Hutchinson triad, saber shins, Higoumenaki sign, clutton joints, pulmonary hemorrhage

A

Congenital syphilis

41
Q

Hutchinson triad

A

HuDeKer
Hutchinson teeth
Deafness
Keratitis

42
Q

Most impt dx test for primary syphilis

A

Dark-field microscopy

43
Q

Screening test for secondary/tertiary syphilis

A

RPR/VDRL

44
Q

Confirmatory test for secondary/tertiary syphilis; earliest positive; remains positive the longest

A

FTA-ABS

45
Q

DOC for syphilis

A

Benzathine penicillin G

46
Q

Influenza-like sx few hours after receiving penicillin due to lysis of treponemes

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer rxn

47
Q

Largest medically-impt bacteria

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

48
Q

Stage 1 of Lyme disease

A

Erythema chronicum migrans (target lesion)

49
Q

Stage 2 Lyme disease

A

Myocarditis (AV block), meningitis, Bell’s palsy

50
Q

Stage 3 Lyme disease

A

Autoimmune migratory polyarthritis (onion skin lesions), acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans

51
Q

DOC for lyme disease

A

Doxycycline

52
Q

Causes relapsing fever

A

Borrelia recurentis

53
Q

Borrelia recurentis is transmitted by what insect?

A

Pediculus humanus

54
Q

DOC for relapsing fever

A

Tetracycline or Erythromycin

55
Q

Thin, coiled spirochete with shepherd’s crook (hook at one or both pointed ends); obligate aerobe

A

L. interrogans

56
Q

Best specimen for early stages of leptospirosis infection

A

Blood and CSF

Urine for later stages

57
Q

Gold standard dx test for leptospirosis

A

Lepto MAT

58
Q

CXR: snow-flake lesions

A

Leptospirosis

59
Q

Triad of Weil syndrome

A

Jaundice
Uremia
Bleeding

60
Q

MCC of death in leptospirosis

A

Respiratory failure due to massive pulmonary hemorrhage

61
Q

DOC for mild leptospirosis

A

Doxycycline
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin

62
Q

DOC for severe leptospirosis

A

Pen G

Ampicillin

63
Q

Obligate intracellular bacteria; energy parasites that use host ATP; cell wall lacks muramic acid

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

64
Q

Culture medium for Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Cycloheximide

65
Q

MC STD overall

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

66
Q

Round to oval cytoplasmic inclusion bodies near the nuclei of conjunctival epithelial cells in trachoma

A

Halberstadter-Prowazel inclusions

67
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis serotype which causes STDs

A

D-K

Assoc. with Reiter syndrome

68
Q

Positive Frei test

A

Lymphogranuloma venereum

69
Q

Associated with atherosclerosis

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

70
Q

Causes bird fancier’s disease

A

Chlamydia psitacci

71
Q

Positive Weil-Felix reaction

A

Rickettsiae

72
Q

DOC for Rickettsial infection

A

Doxycycline

73
Q

Palm and Sole Rash

A

Coxsackie virus type A
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Syphilis

74
Q

Causes cat scratch disease in immunocompetent individuals

A

Bartonella henselae

75
Q

Causes bacillary angiomatosis in immunocompromised individuals

A

Bartonella henselae

76
Q

Transmitted by dog tick (Dermacentor)

A

Ehrlichia chaffeensis

77
Q

Clue cells; positive whiff test (fishy odor)

A

Bacterial vaginosis (Gardnerella vaginalis)

78
Q

Painful genital ulcer

A

H. ducreyi

79
Q

Causes mesenteric adenitis (pseudoappendicitis)

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

80
Q

Causes granuloma inguinale (Donovanosis)

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

81
Q

Bipolar bodies (donovan bodies) look like closed safety pins; pseudobuboe

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

82
Q

DOC for Klebsiella granulomatis

A

Azithromycin

83
Q

Causes undulating fever; transmission is through contaminated dairy products or through direct contact

A

Brucella abortus

Microbiology (9 decks)

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