Gram Negative Flashcards
Gram negative rods; non-lactose fermenters
Salmonella
Shigella
Proteus mirabilis
P. aeruginosa
Lactose fermenter; green sheen on EMB agar; facultative
E. coli
Lactose fermenter; urease +; extended spectrum betalactamase
K. pneumoniae
Gram negative; comma-shaped; microaerophilic; skirrows agar
C. jejuni
Gram negative; comma-shaped; urease positive
H. pylori
Gram negative; non lactose fermenter; motile; oxidase +; H2S producer
Salmonella
Gram negative; non lactose fermenter; non motile; oxidase negative; H2S non producer
Shigella
Gram negative; non lactose fermenter; swarming; oxidase negative; H2S producer; urease
Proteus mirabilis
Gram negative; non lactose fermenter; oxidase positive; H2S non producer; obligate aerobe; fruity odor; MDR
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Lactose fermenters
Citrobacter
Klebsiella
E. coli
Enterobacter
Gram negative rod; Urease positive
K. pneumoniae
H. pylori
P. mirabilis
Gram negative rod; H2S producer
Salmonella
Proteus mirabilis
Gram negative rod; H2S nonproducer
Shigella
P. aeruginosa
E. coli enterotoxin which causes watery diarrhea
Heat stable toxin
Heat labile toxin
E. coli enterotoxin which causes bloody diarrhea (HUS)
Verotoxin (Shiga-like)
Enterobacteriaceae
MESSY SPECK Morganella Escherichia Shigella Salmonella Yersinia Serratia Proteus Enterobacter Citrobacter Klebsiella
MCC of community-acquired UTI
E. coli
Causes neonatal meningitis
B group streptococci (S. agalactiae)
E. coli
L. monocytogenes
E. coli strain which causes watery diarrhea; Traveller’s diarrhea
ETEC
E. coli strain which causes watery diarrhea of long duration, mostly in infants, often in developing countries
EPEC
P-Pedia, Philippines
E. coli strain which causes bloody diarrhea; hemolytic colitis; HUS
EHEC or STEC (Shiga-like toxin producing E. coli)
E. coli strain which causes bloody diarrhea
EIEC
EHEC
DOC for UTI caused by E. coli in the Philippines
Quinolones
Salmonella test which detects antibodies in patient’s serum
Widal test
Virulence factor of Salmonella which causes typhoid fever
Vi capsular antigen
Chronic carriage of Salmonella affects what organ?
Gallbladder
Tx for Salmonella gallbladder carriage
Ampicillin
MCC of osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell anemia
Salmonella choleraesuis
Stepwise fever, anorexia, malaise, relative bradycardia. Typhoid fever suspect. Best specimen is?
Blood
Abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, rose spots, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice. Typhoid fever suspect. Best specimen is?
Urine
Week of complication: Bleeding, ileitis, pneumonia. Typhoid fever suspect. Best specimen is?
Stool
DOC of Salmonella in the Philippines
Amoxicillin
Chloramphenicol
Cotrimoxazole
Shigella dysenteriae type 1 is also called as?
Shiga bacillus
Shigella dysenteriae type 2 is also called as?
Schmitz bacillus
Shigella flexneri is also called as?
Hiss and Russell’s bacillus
Shigella boydii is also called as?
Newcastle Manchester bacillus
Shigella sonnei is also called as?
Duval’s bacillus
DOC for shigellosis?
Ciprofloxacin
Nalidixic acid in children
Shooting star motility
Vibrio
Shigellosis pandemic is caused by?
V. cholerae 01 biotype El Tor (Cholera El Tor)
Rice watery stools; washer woman’s hands
Cholera
DOC for cholera
Tetracycline
Alternative: azithromycin
Raw chicken
C. jejuni
MCC cause of bacterial gastroenteritis
C. jejuni
C. jejuni is associated with?
GBS
Reiter’s syndrome
Tx for C. jejuni infection
Symptomatic tx only
Erythromycin for severe disease
Gold standard dx test for H. pylori
EGD with biopsy
Dx test for H. pylori used to document cure
H. pylori stool antigen
Facultative gram - rod with large polysaccharide capsule
K. pneumoniae
MCC of pneumonia (necrotizing) in alcoholics
K. pneumoniae
Currant jelly sputum; nosocomial
K. pneumoniae
DOC for K. pneumoniae infection
Cephalosporins alone or with aminoglycosides
Causes struvite stones
P. mirabilis
Produces pyocyanin (blue-green pigment); sweet grape-like odor
P. aeruginosa
Grows in hospital respirators and humidifiers
P. aeruginosa
Virulence factor of P. aeruginosa which damages cilia and mucosal cells
Pyocyanin
Causes hot tub folliculitis; puncture wound osteomyelitis; green nail syndrome
P. aeruginosa
MCC of otitis externa, malignant otitis externa in DM, and CSOM
P. aeruginosa
What type of pneumonia does P. aeruginosa causes?
VAP
Causes peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis
P. aeruginosa
Causes ecthyma gangrenosum
P. aeruginosa
Predominant anaerobe of human colon
B. fragilis
Causes abdominal abscess
B. fragilis
Gram negative rods; lactose fermenter
E. coli
K. pneumoniae