Other

Question 1

Write down the OECD tests used for testing of new chemicals?

Answer 1

1. Acute Oral test
2. Reproductive test + Developmental studies
3. Inhalation test
4. Skin Sensitivity test
5. Carcinogenicity
6. Mutagenicity
7. Immunotoxicity
8. SubChronic and Chronic tests

Question 2

Describe Chromatographic Determination of Alfatoxins in the Biological Material

Answer 2

• Chloroform is added to 10g of Fodder
• Alfatoxins are Extracted by Shaking = Cold Extraction
• Filter and Thicken = 1-2ml
• Place a drop of Sample and Standard on Chromatographic plate
• Develope in Chloroform and Aceton compound
• Stop developin when solvent has reached the front
• Dry it!
• Observe under UV light
• Results:
  -B₁ and B₂= Blue Fluorescence
  -G₁ and G₂= Green Fluorescence

Question 3

Write down the Clinical Significance of Enzyme Determination

Answer 3

• Diagnosis of Subclinical disease
• Diagnosis of disease when manifesting phase has only the common symptoms
• Determination of the degree of organ damage
• Determination of prognosis and efficiency of therapy according to the time dependent dynamics of enzyme levels

Question 4

Describe screening method for detection of Aspergillus Flavus in Cereals

Answer 4

Determination of Mold and Alfatoxins
* Sample: Whole grain
* Grain is placed in 15x15 frame
* Placed under UV light in dark room
* The Aspergillus will Fluorescence green
* Count the grain with green on them

Evaluation
* 0-1 grain = Negative results
* 2-3 grains = Suitable for animal feeding only
* 4+ grains = Unconditionally the grains must further analyzed for Quantitative determination of Alfatoxins

Solution to fix contaminated feed = Mix with uncontaminated feed, will dilute the %