OT admin chap 1 midterm

Question 1

what is Scientific management that was a result of the effects of industrialization

Answer 1

classical management perspective

Question 2

who was a machinist and industrial engineer from Philadelphia, became known as the father of scientific management

Answer 2

Fredrick W Taylor

Question 3

Fredrick Taylor created a scientific analysis of tasks called?

Answer 3

time and motion studies looked at physical movements for task completion

Question 4

Fredrick Taylor’s approach was?

and he believed what?

Answer 4

pragmatic approach and believed gainful occupations should come from stadardized tools and assesments

Question 5

Who was the innovator of the assembly line (industrialization movement) and founder of the Ford Motor Cooperation invented the Ford Model T vehicle.

Answer 5

Henry ford

Question 6

What 3 characteristics did Henry Ford utilize?

Answer 6

affordability, repetition, and scientific management perspective

Question 7

What was Henry Fords turnover rate?

and what year was that

Answer 7

380% in 1913

Question 8

Who was a mechanical engineer that discovered incorporating an monetary incentive system for workers (employees) and supervisors for productivity had a positive effect on overall work productivity

Answer 8

Henry Gnatt

Question 9

Who utilized color coded bar graph charts to display for workers and supervisors to identify standard, superior and sub-standard productivity?

Answer 9

Henry Gnatt

Question 10

Who were Frank & Lillian Gilbreth

Answer 10

A husband and wife team that studied work fatigue in motion

Question 11

What are Fayols five basic functions of management?

Answer 11

planning, organizing, commanding, controlling, coordinating

Question 12

Social worker Mary Follett believed that a worker became a whole person through group process and human beings developed through their relationships that evolved within the organization.

Answer 12

Human relations

Question 13

Business executive Chester Bernard, extensively studied sociology and philosophy to formulate theories about strategic management. Overall, he believed that individuals work optimally with others not in isolation which positively impacts the organizations structure and productivity.

Answer 13

Informal organizations

Question 14

What is bureaucracy?

Answer 14

The bureaucratic management system embraces clear lines delineating the managers from the employees (subordinates).

”Red tape”

The management positon is implicit in the positon held by the person not by the person who holds the position.

Bureaucracies are closed systems with little transparency with focus on the internal workings of the organization rather than outside influence created by the surrounding environment.

Question 15

What studies allowed managers to shift their attention away from planning physical work and monetary incentives towards studying the significance of the social setting in the workplace? What movement used this evidence to inform managers to work more collaboratively with subordinates and to encourage good social environments as well as technical knowledge of the job.

Answer 15

Hathorne effect studies

Human relations movement

Question 16

What are the stages of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs?

Answer 16

Self actualization, self esteem, love/belonging, safety physiological

Question 17

Three strategies for behavioral science movement

Answer 17

groupthink, peter principle, and Pareto principle

Question 18

groupthink

Answer 18

Groups whose members think too much alike may develop an illusion of invulnerability and ignore threats and opportunities

Question 19

Pareto principle?

Answer 19

For the OT manager, the focus is to identify which 20% of effort produces 80% results.

Question 20

Peter principle

Answer 20

Employees being promoted to a higher position that requires higher skill set need continued training, education and competency is required to acquire higher skill sets to meet the new job demands.

Question 21

Three approaches to contemporary management theory

Answer 21

systems approach, contigency approach, learning organization

Question 22

Systems approach?

Answer 22

gives occupational therapy mangers a way of looking at the organization as a whole and as apart of the larger, external environment

Question 23

Contingency approach

Answer 23

Also called the situational approach, managers using this approach seeks to determine the predicable relationships among situations, actions, and outcomes and to apply the best strategy available.

Question 24

learning organization?

Answer 24

This theory approach includes learning being a continuous process and as a result, embraces unrestricted and equal access of all members