OT admin chap 1 midterm Flashcards
what is Scientific management that was a result of the effects of industrialization
classical management perspective
who was a machinist and industrial engineer from Philadelphia, became known as the father of scientific management
Fredrick W Taylor
Fredrick Taylor created a scientific analysis of tasks called?
time and motion studies looked at physical movements for task completion
Fredrick Taylor’s approach was?
and he believed what?
pragmatic approach and believed gainful occupations should come from stadardized tools and assesments
Who was the innovator of the assembly line (industrialization movement) and founder of the Ford Motor Cooperation invented the Ford Model T vehicle.
Henry ford
What 3 characteristics did Henry Ford utilize?
affordability, repetition, and scientific management perspective
What was Henry Fords turnover rate?
and what year was that
380% in 1913
Who was a mechanical engineer that discovered incorporating an monetary incentive system for workers (employees) and supervisors for productivity had a positive effect on overall work productivity
Henry Gnatt
Who utilized color coded bar graph charts to display for workers and supervisors to identify standard, superior and sub-standard productivity?
Henry Gnatt
Who were Frank & Lillian Gilbreth
A husband and wife team that studied work fatigue in motion
What are Fayols five basic functions of management?
planning, organizing, commanding, controlling, coordinating
Social worker Mary Follett believed that a worker became a whole person through group process and human beings developed through their relationships that evolved within the organization.
Human relations
Business executive Chester Bernard, extensively studied sociology and philosophy to formulate theories about strategic management. Overall, he believed that individuals work optimally with others not in isolation which positively impacts the organizations structure and productivity.
Informal organizations
What is bureaucracy?
The bureaucratic management system embraces clear lines delineating the managers from the employees (subordinates).
”Red tape”
The management positon is implicit in the positon held by the person not by the person who holds the position.
Bureaucracies are closed systems with little transparency with focus on the internal workings of the organization rather than outside influence created by the surrounding environment.
What studies allowed managers to shift their attention away from planning physical work and monetary incentives towards studying the significance of the social setting in the workplace? What movement used this evidence to inform managers to work more collaboratively with subordinates and to encourage good social environments as well as technical knowledge of the job.
Hathorne effect studies
Human relations movement
What are the stages of Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs?
Self actualization, self esteem, love/belonging, safety physiological
Three strategies for behavioral science movement
groupthink, peter principle, and Pareto principle
groupthink
Groups whose members think too much alike may develop an illusion of invulnerability and ignore threats and opportunities
Pareto principle?
For the OT manager, the focus is to identify which 20% of effort produces 80% results.
Peter principle
Employees being promoted to a higher position that requires higher skill set need continued training, education and competency is required to acquire higher skill sets to meet the new job demands.
Three approaches to contemporary management theory
systems approach, contigency approach, learning organization
Systems approach?
gives occupational therapy mangers a way of looking at the organization as a whole and as apart of the larger, external environment
Contingency approach
Also called the situational approach, managers using this approach seeks to determine the predicable relationships among situations, actions, and outcomes and to apply the best strategy available.
learning organization?
This theory approach includes learning being a continuous process and as a result, embraces unrestricted and equal access of all members
