NBCOT exam Flashcards
Carpal tunnel syndrome
splints and interventions?
- wrist immobilizer used at night.
- ergonomic evaluation of work station and education in proper positioning.
- AROM /stretching program for computer-users or those performing repetitive tasks.
- nerve gliding and tendon gliding exercises
swan neck deformity
Joint deformity consisting of PIP hyperextension and DIP flexion commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis and tendon trauma Intervention may include a tri-point ring orthosis to prevent PIP hyperextension
Boutonnieres deformity
Joint deformity consisting of PIP flexion and DIP hyperextension, commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis and PIP joint trauma intervention may include fabrication of orthosis to support the PIP in extension while allowing movement at the DIP
Mallet finger
Inability to extend DIP joint due to rupture of the distal end of extensor tendon Intervention may include static orthosis to maintain DIP in extension
Dypnea
Shortness of breath due to impaired breathing in response to activity or at rest, may require: medical attention modification to activity demands instruction in breathing techniques dyspnea control postures
Dysphagia
client will need?
Difficulty in swallowing associated with:
neurological, developmental, or oral motor condition
sensory, motor, or behavioral dysfunction
Ranchos los amigos
Level I - No Response.
Patient does not respond to external stimuli and appears asleep.
____ (2) Level II - Generalized Response.
Patient reacts to external stimuli in nonspecific, inconsistent, and nonpurposeful manner with
stereotypic and limited responses.
____ (3) Level III - Localized Response.
Patient responds specifically and inconsistently with delays to stimuli, but may follow simple
commands for motor action.
____ (4) Level IV - Confused, Agitated Response.
Patient exhibits bizarre, nonpurposeful, incoherent or inappropriate behaviors, has no shortterm
recall, attention is short and nonselective.
____ (5) Level V - Confused, Inappropriate, Nonagitated Response.
Patient gives random, fragmented, and nonpurposeful responses to complex or unstructured
stimuli - Simple commands are followed consistently, memory and selective attention are
impaired, and new information is not retained.
____ (6) Level VI - Confused, Appropriate Response.
Patient gives context appropriate, goal-directed responses, dependent upon external input for
direction. There is carry-over for relearned, but not for new tasks, and recent memory
problems persist.
____ (7) Level VII - Automatic, Appropriate Response.
Patient behaves appropriately in familiar settings, performs daily routines automatically, and
shows carry-over for new learning at lower than normal rates. Patient initiates social
interactions, but judgment remains impaired.
____ (8) Level VIII - Purposeful, Appropriate Response.
Patient oriented and responds to the environment but abstract reasoning abilities are
decreased relative to premorbid levels.
Pitting edema
Type of interstitial swelling in the extremities in which an indent appears after pressure is applied, typically graded from absent (0) to severe (3+)
Wheelchair length doorways and
hallways
average wheelchair width
a minimum of 32 inches ideal is 36 for doorways and 36 inches for hallways
24-26 inches
Bariatric wheelchair
wide heavy duty wheelchair designed for obese individuals
Tilt in Space wheelchair
indicated for pressure relief or for an individual with severe extensor spasms
tetraplegia
same as quadriplegia partial or total loss of all four limbs
C1-C3 spinal cord injury
Head and neck control some head and neck sensation respirator dependent
C4 injury
Good head/ neck sensation & motor control
-Scapular elevation
-Diaphragm moves
Max A in ADLs
C5 injury
Full head/ neck movement &sensation
Shoulder strength
Shoulder external Rotation
Shoulder abd. 90*Elbow flexion & supination
self-feeding with adaptive equipment limited self-care and dressing with adaptive equipment
C6 injury
Full shoulder movement
Forearm pronation
Wrist extension
Tenodesis Self- feeding w/ equip. like universal cuff
Upper & lower dressing w/ adaptive equip
C7
elbow extension full shoulder wrist extension finger flexion Independent w/ self-feeding, dressing, & grooming w/ adaption Independent bed mobility & transfers Meal prep w/ adaption Can drive w/ hand controls
C8-T1
Independent with self-care and most ADL requiring UE
T1-T6
reserve long muscles of the back
Standing is possible w/ asst. but not practical for ADLs.
Independent self- cath.
T6-T12
Good trunk control
Limited ambulation is possible w/ lower extremity orthotics & assistive devices.
T12-L4
L4-L5
Hip flexion
Hip adduction
Knee extension
Functional ambulation possible w/ orthotics & assistive devices
Wheel chair used for energy conservation.
Brown Sequard syndrome
ipsilateral paralysis and ipsilateral loss of position sense inpsilateral loss of discriminative touch and contralateral loss of pain and thermal sense.
Anterior cord
motor function, pinprick, temperature sensation and pain are loss bilaterally proprioception and light touch are preserved
Cauda equina/ Conus Medullaris
Could result in lower extremity motor and sensory loss and areflexic bowel and bladder
Central cord
resulting from hyper-extension injuries more UE deficits vs LE defecits
developmental grasp patterns
First ulnar, next palmar grasp, last is radial grasp
Diplopia
double vision individual will need an eye patch for performing ADL’s
Dysphagia and swallowing intervention
Thin liquids are always contraindicated in dysphagia and development of swallow response
Shunt cord
UE weakness headache and short attention span
Circumstantiality
difficult understanding circumstances
Recommended height for countertops
31 inches
compression garments
provide equal pressure over area to prevent scarring
wound grafting
biological dressing for wound covering and pain relief
Elevation
reduces edema
Airplane splints
prevent tightening of the Axilla
Class 1 heart disease
No limitations or restrictions on lifting
Sensory integration principles
- adaptive responses facilitate integration of sensory stimuli
- controls sensory input that is child driven play-based to improve sensory processing, facilitate sensory integration, and elicit an adaptive response.
Spinner knob
intended to help make steering with one hand less difficult or faster.
instrumental groups
help individuals function at their highest level for as long as possible, prevent regression, maintain function, and meet mental health needs
Froment sign
asses motor function of the adductor policis which is innervated by the ulnar nerve
Charcot Marie Tooth disease
progrssive weakness in distal muscle of the arms and feet
supression
divert uncomfortable feeling into socially acceptable ones
regression
returning to an earlier stage of development to avoid conflict (acting childlike)
displacement
redirection of an emotion or reaction from one object to a similar but less threatening one
projection
somemeone who feels guilty interprets statements from others as blaming him or her
