Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Skeletal Radiology 1 CUKC > OSTEONECROSIS AND OSTEOCHONDROSIS > Flashcards

OSTEONECROSIS AND OSTEOCHONDROSIS Flashcards

Unit 3 study

1
Q

Osteonecrosis: Defined as

A

death of the osseous cellular components and marrow of bone d/t inadequate blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

M/C hematologic condition of bone

A

Osteonecrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the AKA for Osteonecrosis

A

Ischemic necrosis,
aseptic necrosis,
avascular necrosis,
bone infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the first and second MC avascular necrosis site involved in osteonecrosis?

A

MC Femoral head

2nd MC Humeral head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Osteonecrosis bone infarct occurs where

A

Metaphseal or

Diaphyseal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What term is used when osteonecrosis is in the bone end or juxta-articular involvement?
What is the MC location?

A

Avascular necrosis

Femoral head, 2nd mc is humeral head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The term Bone infarct is used when osteonecrosis is in what part of the bone?

A

Metaphyseal or Diaphyseal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the latent period for symptoms to develop in osteonecrosis?

A

a few weeks to 1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the 4 mechanisms of infarction

A

Intraluminal obstruction
Arterial wall disease
Vascular compression
Physical disruption of vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A temporary loss of blood flow can lead to

A

bone ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A prolonged decrease in blood flow can lead to

A

Bone infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the more common causes (predispose) of osteonecrosis?

A

Vascular, Drugs, Congenital, Trauma
Infection, Inflammatory, Autoimmune, Endocrine
Spontaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Osteonecrosis vascular cause is associated with

A

Hemoglobinopathies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is associated with Infections?

A

Septic emboli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is associated with Drugs/Toxins?

A

Alchololism and steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is associated with inflammation?

A

Pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is associated with congenital disorders/diseases?

A

Gaucher’s disease

18
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is associated with autoimmune disease?

A

SLE and RA

19
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is associated with Trauma?

A

Radiation
Fractures*
Dysbarism

20
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is associated with the endocrine system?

A

Cushing’s disease

21
Q

What OSTEONECROSIS: cause is knowns as an additional non-specific cause?

A

Spontaneous*

22
Q

Metaphyseal-Diaphyseal infarctions Central area of necrosis is surrounded by what?

A

ischemic and healing tissue

23
Q

Most common location of metaphyseal/diaphyseal infarction from greatest to least is

A

Distal femure, proximal tibia and proximal humerus

24
Q

What are some clinical indications of a serious underlying problem?

A

Diabetes, Alcoholism, Chronic renal disease

25
Q

Osteonecrotic meta/di-aphyseal infarcts may be

A

cortical or medullary

26
Q

Osteonecrosis infarcts are usually what?

A

Asymptomatic

27
Q

Radiographically, osteonecrotic infarct are first seen as a area of what?
What type of calcifications are seen on the rim?
Internally, the area may look like

A

rarefaction
Undulating or sepiginous
sclerosis/calcifications

28
Q

What radiographic feature can be observed in the bone?

A

Split cortex, periosteal response

29
Q

What does the bone look like on a radiographic film?

A

small tubular bones

30
Q

What is the MC cause of osteonecrosis is associated with trauma?

A

Fractures

31
Q

What MC drugs/toxins cause of osteonecrosis?

A

Alcoholism and steroids

32
Q

What is the preferred source of imaging used to detect osteonecrosis infarct?

A

MRI

2nd best is Bone scintigraphy

33
Q

With metaphyseal diaphyseal infarct its radiographic feature is usually?
An osteopenia is an area of osteonecrosis infarct radiographic feature?

A

Medullary and central

area of rarefaction

34
Q

Cortical infarctions are usually seen in who?

In what location?

A

Young patients with SC

small tubular bones

35
Q

What are the two most common skeletal locations for osteonecrosis?

A

Femoral head, Humeral head

36
Q

What are two DDX for metaphyseal diaphyseal infarction? Lesions in this area are usually what?

A

enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma

Elongated

37
Q

What radiographic finding is pathognomonic of avascular necrosis?

A

Crescent sign

38
Q

Avascular necrosis usually begins in what region of the femoral head?

A

Anterior superior

39
Q

What imaging procedure is most sensitive for the early detection of osteonecrosis?

A

MRI

40
Q

What are the four mechanisms of infarction?

A

intraluminal obstruction, Arterial wall disease, Vascular compression, Physical disruption of vessel

Skeletal Radiology 1 CUKC (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions