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Skeletal Radiology 1 CUKC > EVALUATION OF METABOLIC, NUTRITIONAL AND ENDOCRINE DISORDERS - OSTEOPOROSIS > Flashcards

EVALUATION OF METABOLIC, NUTRITIONAL AND ENDOCRINE DISORDERS - OSTEOPOROSIS Flashcards

Test 3

1
Q

what can give rise to osteosclerosis?

A

decrease in bone resorption

or increase in bone production

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2
Q

What can be the cuase of osteopenia?

A

increased bone resorption
decreased bone production
combination of increased resoption and decrease bone production

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3
Q

What is gives rise to osteopenia when bone resorption and production are normal?

A

decreased mineralization

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4
Q

What is the imagining modality of choice to evaluate metabolic, nutritional and endocrine disorders of osteoporosis?

A

Conventional radiography

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5
Q

What is the most effective imagining techique is used to measure bone density?

A

Dural-energy x-ray absorptiometry

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6
Q

The preferred technique of choice to measure BMD (bone mineral density) is what?

A

DEXA scan

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7
Q

The imaging procedures that can be usefule in evaluation of metabolic, nutitional and endocrine disorders include

A

MRI, CT, Conventional radiogrphy and bone scentigraphy

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8
Q

DEXA scan indications are

A 
post menopausal not taking Estrogen
presonal/maternal history of Hip fx or smoking
Tall/thin postmenopausal women
Medications
Type 1 diabetes, thyroid disorder
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9
Q

What are the 3 MC causes of generalized osteopenia?

A

osteoporosis
osteomalacia
hyperparathyroidism

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10
Q

what is the definition of osteopenia?

A

low or reduced bone mass (poverty of bone) of lesser severity than osteoporosis

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11
Q

Osteoporosis is assocated with

A

deficient matrix, normal mineralization

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12
Q

What cause of osteopenia is osteomalacia?

A 
normal bone matrix (normal bone quantity)
deficient mineralization (poor bone quality)
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13
Q

In hyperparathyroidism what is the cause of the osteopenia problem?

A

an increased resoption d/t parathormone

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14
Q

what is the mc metabolic disorder of bone? What is it caused by?

A

Osteoporosis

decreased amt of normal bone

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15
Q

Osteoporosis is defined as

A

increased porosity of bone which leads to structural failure

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16
Q

MC metabolic disorder of bone is

A

osteoporosis

17
Q

Primary osteoporosis encompasses for type I

A

postmenopausal

18
Q

Primary osteoporosis encompasses type II is

A

senescent individuals over 75 yrs old

19
Q

Primary osteoporosis encompasses for Type II older individuals 75 yrs old is also called

A

involutional

20
Q

Osteoporosis majority of skeleton most promient where? What is an example?

A

Axial region

Involutional

21
Q

What region of the extremity is involved in osteoporosis?

A

immobilization, paralysis and RSDS

22
Q

Localized osteoporosis is associated with

A

neoplasm
infection
inflammatory arthritis

23
Q

MC complaint with patient’s with osteoporosis is what?

A

back pain

24
Q

mc site of fx in osteoporosis is where?

A

vertebral body

next location is Proximal femur, wrists

25
Q

Fractures associated with osteoporosis is

A

Fragility fractures

26
Q

Bone is removed from what location/part within the bone?

A

trabecular or spongy areas

27
Q

The procedure of choice to assess osteoporosis is what?

A

dural-energy x-ray absorptiometry DEXA

28
Q

Conventional radiography is the LEAST reliable procedure to see because

A

the appearance can be influenced by eposure settings

29
Q

Radiographic Hallmark features of osteoporosis are

A

increased radiolucenecy (osteopenia)
Cortical thinning (pencil-thin) sharp & well-defined
Altered trabecular patterns
Structural failure

30
Q

The radiographic features of osteoporosis in the spine are

A 
decreased (spongy) bone density
cortical thinning (end plates)
trabecular changes: accentuated seudo-Hemangiomatous appearnce or washed out
Curve changes leads to increased kyphosis
31
Q

What changes are made to the vertebral body shape is what? what is the unusual presentation?

A

pancake, silver-dollar vertebra

malignant disease

32
Q

The mc radiographic feature of spine in osteoporosis is what?

A

Wedged vertebra mc in Mid thoracic & Thoracolumbar spine

33
Q

what is the proper name for severe kyphosis? what is this condition due to?

A

Dowager’s hump deformity

Anterior body wedging and Decreased disc height degenerative in nature

34
Q

Thin but promanent end plates and structural failure, decreased bone mineralization are finding consistant with what condition?

A

osteoporosis

35
Q

Regarding DEXA, what two areas are imaged?

A

spine and hips

36
Q

What is the most common presenting complaint in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis?

A

Back pain

37
Q

The proximal femur is the most common location for structural failure in patients with postmenopausal or senescent osteoporosis. True or False

A

False

Skeletal Radiology 1 CUKC (15 decks)

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