osteology and joints

Question 1

blood cells are produced by

Answer 1

bone marrow

Question 2

what serve as a mineral storage area

Answer 2

bones

Question 3

how many bones in body

Answer 3

206

Question 4

what are the two sections bones are divided in

Answer 4

Axial skeleton
Bones that support and protect the organs of the
head neck and trunk

Appendicular skeleton
Bones that anchor the appendages to the axial
skeleton

Question 5

the skull sternum ribs and vertebral column are part of what

Answer 5

axial skeleton

Question 6

The upper
extremities
The lower extremities
The shoulder girdle
The pelvic girdle

Answer 6

appendicular skeleton

Question 7

bone forming cells

Answer 7

osteoblasts

Question 8

resorb or break down bone

Answer 8

osteoclasts

Question 9

mature bone cells

Answer 9

osteocytes

Question 10

Dense bone that
forms the outer
shell of all bones
(80% of bone)
Leads to greater
strength and
rigidity

Answer 10

compact bone

Question 11

Less dense than compact bone
Consists of spicules of bone enclosing cavities
containing blood-forming cells
Most bone contains both kinds of bone, and are
eventually classified by shape

Answer 11

spongy bone

Question 12

know 22 bones !!!!

Answer 12

Cranium (skull)
Mandible (jaw)
Sternum
Ribs
llium (largest upper most part of hip)
sacrum
Pubis
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fiibula

Question 13

describe long bone

Answer 13

Longer than they are wide
Long shaft, with two bulky ends
Primarily compact bone, with
some spongy at the ends
Humerus and femu

Question 14

describe short bone

Answer 14

Cuboidal- vertical and
horizontal dimensions
roughly equal
Primarily spongy bone,
with a thin outer layer of
compact bone
Bones of the wrist and
ankle

Question 15

describe flat bone

Answer 15

Thin, flat sheets
Two compact bone plates separated by spongy
bone
Bones of the skull
Skull and sternum

Question 16

describe irregular. bones

Answer 16

Bones that don’t fit into the above three
categories
Usually spongy bone covered in small compact
sheath
Bones of the face and vertebra and pelvic

Question 17

does cartilage support soft tissue

Answer 17

yes

Question 17

what are sesamoid bones

Answer 17

Round or oval bones
Found in locations where a tendon passes over a
joint
Hand, knee, and the foot
Act to protect the tendon and joint and increase
its mechanical effect

Question 18

Provide a smooth, gliding surface for bone
articulations at joints
Enable the development and growth of long
bones

Answer 18

cartilage

Question 19

Consists of extracellular fibers embedded in a
matrix
The amount and kind of extracellular fibers in the
matrix varies depending on the type
In weightbearing areas the amount of collagen is
greatly increased
The cartilage is inextensible
In areas of less stress, cartilage containing
elastic fibers and fewer collagen fibers is
common

Question 20

describe plane joints

Answer 20

Allows the sliding or
gliding movements when
one bone moves across
the surface of another
Surfaces are usually flat
Acromioclavicular

Question 21

describe hinge joints

Answer 21

Allow movement around one
axis that passes transversely
through the joint
Permits flexion and extension
Humeroular joint (elbow)

Question 22

Allow movement around
one axis that passes
longitudinally along the
shaft of the bone
Permits rotation
Atlanto-axial joint

Answer 22

pivotal trochoid joints

Question 23

what joints do this Permit flexion, extension,
abduction, adduction, and
circumduction (limited)
Wrist (radiocarpal)

Answer 23

ellipsoidal joints

Question 24

what joints do this Distinct convex surfaces
articulate with concave
surfaces
Allow movement around
two axes that are at right
angles to each othe

Answer 24

ellipsoidal joints

Question 25

which joints allow movement around two axes that are right angles to eachother

Answer 25

saddle joints

Question 26

The articular surfaces are
saddle shaped (reciprocally
concavoconvex)

Answer 26

saddle joints

Question 27

Permit flexion, extension,
abduction, adduction and
circumduction

Answer 27

saddle joints

Question 28

Carpometacarpal joint of the
thumb

Answer 28

saddle joint

Question 29

which joints allow movement around multiple axes

Answer 29

ball and socket joints

Question 30

which joints permit flexion extension abduction, adduction,
circumduction, and
rotation and include
Hip and shoulder joint

Answer 30

ball socket joints

Question 31

Connections between skeletal elements where
the adjacent surfaces are link together either by
fibrous connective tissue or by cartilage

Answer 31

solid joints

Question 32

what joints movement is usually restricted

Answer 32

solid joints

Question 32

whats it called where the skeletal elements are connected by fibrous connective tissue

Answer 32

fibrous joints (synarthroses)

Question 33

Occur only in the skull
Adjacent bones are linked
by a thin layer of
connective tissue

Answer 33

sutures
sutural ligament

Question 34

what is “peg and socket”

Occurs between teeth
and adjecent bone
Short collagen tissue
fibers run between the
root of the tooth and the
bony socket

Answer 34

gomphoses

Question 35

what are syndesomoses

Answer 35

Two adjacent bones
linked by a ligament
Radius and ulna
Ligamentum flavum
(connects adjacent
vertebral laminae

Question 36

Type of solid joint that connect skeletal elements by cartilage

Answer 36

cartliaginous joints

Question 37

Primary Cartilaginous joint
Two ossification centers in a developing bone

Answer 37

Synchondroses

Question 38

Ossified centers are interconnected via cartilage
Usually occur in the midline
Pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs

Answer 38

secondary cartilaginous joints

symphyses