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PGA > cardiovascular system overview > Flashcards

cardiovascular system overview Flashcards

1
Q

four chambered pump

A

heart

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2
Q

closed network of tubes that transport the blood

A

blood vessels

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2
Q

transport blood away from heart

A

arteries

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3
Q

transport blood towards the heart

A

veins

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4
Q

smallest of the vessels, allow for exchange within tissue

A

capillaries

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5
Q

all vessels contain

Tunica externa (adventitia)- outer most connective
tissue
* Tunica media- middle smooth muscle layer
* Tunica intima- inner endothelial lining

A
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6
Q

major differences between arteries v vein

A

tunica media are thin in veins
* Lumen diameter is large
* Valves are present in veins

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7
Q

Chronic inflammation reaction in the walls of the
arteries
* Decreases the blood flow downstream
* The importance of ____ and its effects
depend upon which vessel is affected

A

atherosclerosis

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8
Q

The heart is a four chambered pump (acts as two separate pumps)

A

two atria and two ventricles

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9
Q

heart Pumps blood to two different circulation systems

A

systemic cirulation and pulmonary circulation

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10
Q

Great vessels
* Towards the heart: Superior vena cava (SVC), Inferior vena cava (IVC),
Pulmonary veins

A
  • Away from the heart: Pulmonary trunk, Aorta
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11
Q

When the subclavian passes under the clavicle, it becomes the

A

axillary

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12
Q

Axillary branches to become the brachial

A
  • Near the elbow the brachial divides to become the radial and
    ulna
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13
Q

A fusion of two or more arteries or veins
without a n intervening capillary bed

A

anastomoses

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14
Q

when is allen test done

A

Done before drawing arteriole
blood, gives confirmation that the
ulnar and radial arteries are open
and working

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15
Q

of veins drains the
thoracic walls, it is made up by:
* Azygos on the right
* Hemiazygos on the inferior left
* Accessory hemiazygos on the superior left
* The azygos drains into the SVC

A

Azygos system

16
Q

abdominal aorta

A

Anterior branches-
* Feed the GI tract
* Lateral branches-

  • Feed everything else in the
    abdomen
  • Kidneys, gonads, and walls
17
Q

anterior branches

A

Celiac trunk- branches quickly and
feeds the foregut
* Superior mesenteric artery- feeds the
midgut
* Inferior mesenteric artery- feeds the
hindgu

18
Q

Esophagus, stomach, duodenum (up
until the major duodenal papilla), liver,
pancreas gallbladder, spleen

A

foregut

19
Q

The rest of the duodenum, jejunum,
ileum, cecum, ascending colon, first 2/3
of the transverse colon

A

midgut

20
Q
  • Last 1/3 of the transverse colon,
    descending colon, sigmoid colon,
    superior rectum
A

hindgut

21
Q

Renal arteries
* Gonadal arteries
* Lumbar arteries

A

major lateral branches

22
Q

terminal branching of the aorta happens in the

A

pelvis

23
Q

vascular network in which blood is
collected by one set of capillaries, passes through a
vein to another set of capillaries before returning to
the systemic circulation

A

portal system

24
Q

blood fed by the anterior branches will ultimately
drain into the liver BEFORE going to the IVC

A

portal blood

25
Q

The portal vein drains into

A

liver, the hepatic
vein will drain FROM the liver into the IVC.

25
Q

whats portosystemic anastomoses

A

Areas of the body that are both
drained by portal veins, and veins in
the systemic circulation

26
Q

increased pressure in the portal system can cause a back up of blood and pushes the blood into

A

into the system

27
Q

three primary areas of clinical concern

A

Esophagus
* Rectum
* Umbilicus

27
Q

pelvic blood flow
external iliac artery primarily feeds

A

the lower limb

28
Q

When the external iliac artery crosses the
inguinal ligament it becomes the

A

femoral artery

29
Q

internal iliac artery feeds the pelvis and

A

reproductive organs, gluteal region,
and inner thighs

30
Q

The femoral artery passes into the

A

popliteal fossa and becomes the popliteal
artery

31
Q

artery branches into the
Anterior tibial and Posterior tibial artery

A

the popliteal

32
Q

The Anterior tibial artery becomes the

A

Dorsalis pedis artery (clinical pulse point)

PGA (9 decks)

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