Osteoarthritis Flashcards
What is the primary cause of OA?
Idiopathic
What are the MSK causes of OA?
Trauma
Chondrocalcinosis
Congenital hip dysplasia
Avascular necrosis
What are the haematological causes of OA?
Haemophilia
Haemochromatosis
Sickle cell anaemia
What are the metabolic causes of OA?
Acromegaly
What is the most common type of osteoarthritis?
Monoarthritis
Describe the pathology of osteoarthritis
Break down of articular cartilage and sub chondral remodelling of bones
Decrease in cartilaginous matrix synthesis and increase in degradation
What role do metalloproteinases play in OA?
They catalyse collagen and proteoglycan degradation
What cytokine modulates the activity of metalloproteinases?
IL-1
What produces metalloproteinases?
Chondrocytes
What are the symptoms of OA?
Unilateral joint pain related to activity
Stiffness related to activity
What are the most common joints affected in OA?
Large weight bearing ones
Hands (not MCP)
What can be seen on an arthritic joint?
Boucharts nodes - proximal pharyngeal joint
Heberdens nodes - distal pharyngeal joint
Swelling and effusion
Osteophytes
Fixed flexion deformity
What investigations should be done?
Bloods
- Rule out RA
X ray
What is shown on X ray of OA joint?
Loss of joint space
Osteophytes
Sub chondral cyst
Sub chondral sclerosis
First line treatment?
Lifestyle modification
- Weight loss
Physiotherapy
