orthopedic assessment

Question 1

osteogenesis

Answer 1

bone formation; begins before birth- in womb

Question 2

ossification

Answer 2

process wherein bone matrix is formed and hard mineral crystals are bound to the collagen fibers.

Question 3

minerals in ossification

Answer 3

calcium and phosphorus

They give strength of bone

Question 4

Collagen in ossification

Answer 4

Collagen fibers gives bones resilience so they don’t tear

Question 5

CDC recommends

Answer 5

low fat milk, low fat yogurt, low fat cheese

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vit d is needed for ca absoprotion
Vitd added in milk
Egg yolk
Salt water fish
Vit d capsule
~~~

Question 6

recommended amounts of vit D

Answer 6

children - 600U

adults - 50 and above 800-1000U

Question 7

diagnostic tests

Answer 7

x-ray, arthrography, CT, MRI

Question 8

X-ray

Answer 8

Multiple x-rays with multiple views are needed for full assessment

areas that can’t be seen so you do a CT - area is called “acetabulum”

Question 9

Arthrography

Answer 9

• Used to identify the cause of any unexplained joint pain and progression of joint disease.
• Radiopaque contrast agent (or air) is injected into the joint cavity to visualize joint structures like ligaments, cartilage, tendons, etc.
• —-Joint is moved ROM to distribute the contrast agent – then x-ray is done
• —-If positive for tear – contrast leaks out of joint to liagments and x-ray would show that

Question 10

CT

Answer 10

if x-ray is fine but patient is still in pain we do CT

• Can be performed with or without contrast (oral or IV)- can show more detailed cross-sectional image of the body.
• It can identify extent of fracture in areas difficult to evaluate.

Question 11

MRI

Answer 11

if x-ray and CT is negative, pt is still in pain do MRI

- It can visualize or assess torn muscles, ligaments, and cartilage.

Question 12

important added notes for bone scan

Answer 12

asses allergy to radioisotope iodine, monitor progression of degenerative bone disease, 24-48 hrs increase fluid intake, not radioactive