Neurologic assessment

Question 1

Neuron

Answer 1

basic functional unit of the brain; dendrite, cell body, axon

Question 2

neurotransmitters

Answer 2

acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, endorphins

Question 3

acetylcholine

Answer 3

neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system; important in MS

Question 4

serotonin

Answer 4

helps control mood and sleep, pain pathway (think psych meds)

Question 5

dopamine

Answer 5

affects behavior (emotions, attention), fine movement (parkinsons)

Question 6

norepinephrine

Answer 6

major transmitter of the sympathetic NS

Question 7

endorphines

Answer 7

produced by hypothalamus; pleasurable sensation, inhibits pain transmission

Question 8

cerebrum

Answer 8

frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe,

Question 9

frontal lobe

Answer 9

concentration, abstract thoughts, memory, affect, judgement, and inhibition ; brocas area

Question 10

brocas area (frontal lobe)

Answer 10

located on the left hemisphere; speech center

singing uses different lobe!!

Question 11

parietal lobe

Answer 11

sensory lobe; function is right and left orientation, shape discrimination

Question 12

temporal lobe

Answer 12

auditory memory of a sound, understanding of language and music ; recognition of friends

Question 13

occipital lobe

Answer 13

visual interpretation and memory

Question 14

brain stem

Answer 14

composed of midbrain, pons, medulla, oblongata

Question 15

function of brain stem

Answer 15

reflex center for respiration, blood pressure, HR, coughing, swallowing;

damage to brainstem can lead to immediate cessation of breathing (immobilize head)

Question 16

cerebellum

Answer 16

provides smooth and coordinated movement; controls fine movement, balance and position and postural sense

Question 17

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 17

clear, colorless fluid produced in the choroid plexus of the ventricles; importance in immune and metabolic functions of the brain

Question 18

sample of CSF is obtained through

Answer 18

lumbar puncture or lumbar tap (spinal tap)

Question 19

Brain cannot store ____

Answer 19

glucose

so it needs constant supply of glucose and oxygen

Question 20

cerebral circulation

Answer 20

brain receives about 15% of cardiac output, neurons/brain does NOT need insulin to absorb glucose unlike our skeletal muscle cells

Question 21

cerebral circulation (anterior brain)

Answer 21

arterial blood supplying anterior brain originates from common carotid artery

Question 22

cerebral circulation (posterior brain)

Answer 22

posterior circulation of the brain is supplied by vertebral arteries branching from subclavian arteries

Question 23

Blood brain barrier

Answer 23

prevents many substances that circulate in the blood from reaching CNS; this can altered by trauma, cerebral edema, or cerebral hypoxemia

Question 24

spinal cord

Answer 24

serves as a connection between brain the periphery; protected by vertebral column

Question 25

vertebral column

Answer 25

7 cervical vertebrae 12 thoracic vertebrae 5 lumbar vertebrae sacrum (fused mass of 5 vertebrae)

Question 26

peripheral nervous system

Answer 26

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic nervous system

Question 27

cranial nerves

Answer 27

some say money matters but my brother says big brains matter more (S= sensory, B= both, M= motor) (ooo to touch and feel a girls vag a H)

Question 28

olfactory

Answer 28

sense of smell

Question 29

optic

Answer 29

visual acuity

Question 30

oculomotor

Answer 30

muscle that moves the eye and lid, pupillary constriction

Question 31

trochlear

Answer 31

muscle that moves the eye

Question 32

trigeminal

Answer 32

facial sensation; corneal reflex; mastication

Question 33

abducens

Answer 33

muscles that moves the eye

Question 34

facial

Answer 34

symmetry of facial expression; muscle movement upper/lower face; salivation; taste; tearing; sensation in the ear

Question 35

acoustic

Answer 35

hearing and equilibrium

Question 36

glossopharyngeal

Answer 36

taste; sensation in pharynx and tongue, pharyngeal muscles, swallowing

Question 37

vagus

Answer 37

muscles of the pharynx, larynx, soft palate, sensation of the external ear, thoracic viscera

Question 38

(spinal) accessory

Answer 38

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 39

hypoglossal

Answer 39

movement of the tongue