ortho - hip Flashcards
1
Q
hip anatomy
A
- anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
- posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
- pubic symphysis
- pubic tubercle
- greater trochanter
2
Q
hip joint
A
- ball & socket
- acetabulum articulates with femoral head to for hip joint
- add, abd, flex, extend, IR, ER
3
Q
hip clinical assessment symptoms
A
- hip pain
* Intra-articular pathology
* Extra-articular pathology
* Remote pathology - stiffness
* Commonly seen with intra-articular pathology
* Beware of compensatory motion when examining - limping
* Due to pain
* Due to limb length
* Due to muscle dysfunction - snapping or clicking
* May be audible or ‘a feeling’
* Painful or pain-free
* Commonly due to intra- articular pathology
4
Q
hip clinical assessment signs
A
Patient upright & supine
- gait
* Antalgic
* Stiff leg
* Short leg
* Trendelenberg gait and test - look
* Scars and Sinuses
* Deformity and Muscle Wasting
* LLD - feel
* Signs of sepsis
* Neurovascular exam
* Palpate bony prominences - move
* Range of motion (Active, Passive, Resisted)
* Special tests
5
Q
hip clinical assessment imaging
A
- X-Rays
- Ultrasound
- CT Scan
- MRI Scan
- (Arthroscopy)
6
Q
hip clinical assessment imaging x-rays
A
- Full AP Pelvis
- Lateral view of the hip
- Femur views
- Judet views
7
Q
common hip pathologies
A
- Osteoarthritis
- Avascular Necrosis
- Traumatic Injuries
8
Q
blood supply to head & neck of femur
A
- branch of obturator artery
- lateral femoral circumflex artery
- medial femoral circumflex artery
9
Q
femur fracture
A
garden 1- undisplaced incomplete
garder 2- undisplaced complete
garden 3- complete fracture, incompletely displaced. femoral head tilts into a varus position
garden 4- complete fracture, completely displaced. femoral head aligned normally in the acetabulum
10
Q
surgical techniques
A
- intramedullary nail
- cannulated screws
- compression screws
- hemiarthroplasty
