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OSCE > Ortho > Flashcards

Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

How does a fractured NOF present?

A

Pain
Can’t weight bear
Shortened, adducted, externally rotated

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2
Q

Risk fractures for NOF

A

Age
Osteoporosis/osteomalacia
Falls - sensory loss, gait disturbance, weakness

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3
Q

XR features of NOF

A

disruption of trabeculae
disruption of shentons lines
abnormality of pelvic contours

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4
Q

Types of intracapsular NOF

A

subcapital
transcervical
basicervical

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5
Q

Types of extracapsular NOF

A

intertrochanteric

subtrochanteric

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6
Q

Garden classification

A

grading for intracapsular NOF fractures

I - crack
II - completed break but not moved
III - complete break slightly shifted
IV - completely moved somewhere else

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7
Q

How would you manage a undisplaced intracapsular NOF?

A

DHS or arthroplasty if less fit

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8
Q

How would you manage a displaced intracapsular NOF?

A

hemiarthroplasty or THR

or fixation if young and fit

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9
Q

How would you manage an extracapsular NOF?

A

Internal fixation or arthoplasty

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10
Q

Complications of NOF?

A 
Infection
Haemorrhage
AVN
Malunion
VTE
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11
Q

Advise for THR patient

A 
dont bend to more than 90
Dont cross legs
Sleeping wedge
swivel out of car
dont squat or knees to chest
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12
Q

Name the rotator cuff muscles

A

Subscapuralis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

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13
Q

Subacromial impingement

A

History of repeated movement
Muscle wasting
Pain - restriction of active, but full passive
Painful arc 70-120

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14
Q

Signs of ACJ problems

A

trauma/OA
pain on palpation
“step” of separation

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15
Q

Rotator cuff tear

A

trauma in young people/ atraumatic elderly
USS/MRI
mild difficult to distinguish from tendinopathy

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16
Q

Causes of adhesive capsulitis

A

spontaneous
rotator cuff injury
immobility
higher risk; DM, thyroid

17
Q

Signs and symptoms of adhesive capsulitis

A

Gradual onset severe pain
restriction of active and passive, especially external rotation
interferes with daily living

18
Q

Red Flags of back pain

A 
under 20 or over 50
violent trauma
cancer/IVDU/HIV/immunosupressed
worse lying flat/night
constant/progressive
severe morning stiffness
saddle anaethesia
19
Q

Questions to ask for temporal arteritis

A

Jaw claudication

Diplpopia/visual changes

20
Q

Chondromalacia patellae

A

Soft cartilage
teenage girl
anterior knee pain up and down stairs
responds to physio

21
Q

Osgood Schlatter Syndrome

A

Sporty teens

Pain and swelling over tibial tubercle

22
Q

Osteochondritis dissecans

A

Pain after exercise

Intermittent swelling and locking

23
Q

Patellar tendonitis

A

teen athletic boys
chronic anterior knee pain worse after running
tender below patella

OSCE (20 decks)

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