Dermatology Flashcards
Macule
Flat change in colour
Papule
Solid rasied lesion with defined borders less than 1cm
e.g Scabies
Plaque
Solid, raised bigger than 1cm
Vesicles
Less than 1cm and are filled with clear fluid
eg hand foot and mouth
Bullae
Circumscribed fluid filled great than 1cm
e.g blister, pemphigoid
Scale
Desquamation of strata corneum, due to damage to skin
Petechiae
Small spots of leeding under skin
e.g meningitis, lymphoma
do not blanche when pressed
Purpura
Bleeding under skin larger than petechiae
e.g ITP, HSP, DIC, steroids
do not blanche
Annular
Ring shaped
e.g tinea corpis (ring worm), lyme disease
Shingles
herpes zoster clustered vesicular rash
follows dermatome, doesn’t cross midline
affecting face/ eye is emergency
only infective when oozy (eurptive phase)
tx: acyclovir
PHN
Eczema presentation
Poorly dermarcted patches of dry, red, itchy skin affecting flexures
Can be crusted/weeping if excortion causes infection
Trigeered by: diet, allergens, heat, temperature
Eczema Tx
Avoid aggravating factors
Emollients
Mild topical corticosteroids
ABx when infected
If severe: oral steroids, photo therapy
How to describe dermatology
Site
Number of lesions
Type
Pattern
Look at hands: hands, face, mouth, abdo, legs, toes, nails, axilla
Features of a lipoma
Subcutaneous
Soft
Mobile - not attached to skin
Fluctant
Not on palm, soles scal
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- translucent
- pearly
- areas of telangectasia
- rolled edge
- ulcerated center
- mainly head and neck
Types of BCC
Nodular - solitary, shiny, red, pearly
Superifical - multiple on trunk, shoulders, erythematous plaques
Morpheic - (/infiltrative/scelrosing. aggresive, poor borders, yellow
Pigmented - brown, blue, grey
Basoquamous - mixed, potentially more aggressive
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- high relation to UV exposure, HPV,carcinogens
- non healing ulcer on sun exposed part of face
- reddish plaque
- surrounded by hard raised area
- metastsises more if on ear or lip
