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OSCE > Gynae > Flashcards

Gynae Flashcards

1
Q

What does the high vaginal charcoal swab test for?

A

BV, trichomonas, candida, group B strep

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2
Q

Where do you swab for gonorrhea and with what?

A

Endocervical charcoal swab

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3
Q

Where do you swab for chlamdydia?

A

Endocervical swab - break off into pot

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4
Q

How does the COCP work?

A

Supresses LSH and FH so that no ovulation occurs and thicken cervical mucus

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5
Q

Benefits of COCP

A

lower risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer

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6
Q

Risks of COCP

A

VTE, MI, stroke, breast cancer, cervical cancer

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7
Q

How does POP work?

A

inhibits some ovulation and thickens mucus, thins endometrium

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8
Q

What is the window of delay for POP?

A

3 hours (apart from Cerazette - 12)

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9
Q

Side effects of the depo

A

Irregular periods, weight gain, fertility delay 6 months, long term osterporosis

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10
Q

How immediate is depo?

A

Need condoms one week

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11
Q

How long can you have depo for?

A

Lasts 3 months, 3 years max - osteoporosis

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12
Q

How quickly does your fertility come back after depo?

A

Up to 6 months

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13
Q

How long does the IUD (copper) last?

A

5-10 years

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14
Q

How immediate is the IUD (copper)

A

Very - can be used as emergency contraception

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15
Q

What are the risks/side effects of the IUD (copper)?

A

Spotting, bleeding, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea

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16
Q

What else can the IUS (mirena) be used for?

A

Menorrhagia, endometriosis, dyamenorrhea

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17
Q

Absolute contraindications to home birth

A

Full placenta praevia
transverse lie (C section needed)
premature

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18
Q

What is the diagnostic critieria for gestational diabetes

A

Fasting >5.6

2 hour >7.8

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19
Q

What strains does the HPV vaccine prevent against?

A

6,11,16,18

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20
Q

What age do you give HPV vaccine?

A

12-13

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21
Q

Degrees of perineal tears

A

1st degree - mucosa only
2nd - subcut tissue
3rd - external anal sphincter
4th - internal anal sphincter

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22
Q

Symptoms of endometriosis

A

Deep dysparaunia
Severe cyclical pain
Fertility problems

23
Q

Bicornate uterus

A

heart shaped uterus

increased risk of recurrent miscarrage

24
Q

Uterine fibroids typical presentation

A

30-50
Menorrhagia
Infertility

25
Q

Placental Abruption

A

Sudden abdo pain 3rd
hypovolaemic shock
potentially no visible bleeding - can be contained in uterus

26
Q

Complications of Diabetes in Pregnancy

A 
Prem
Miscarriage/stillborn
Polyhydramnios
Infection
C Section
27
Q

Complications of Smoking in Pregnancy

A 
IUGR
Miscarriage/still birth
Premature
Placental issues
SIDS
28
Q

Complications of Obesity in Pregnancy

A 
NTD
Gestational DM
C Section
HTN
VTE
29
Q

Diet advice for pregnancy

A

Vit D supplement if risk group
5aday and wash all before
Avoid uncooked meat, unpasteurised, caffiene

30
Q

Features of FAS

A

Typical facial abnormalities
IUGR and FTT
Neuro developemental; learning disability, cognitive, behavioural problems

urogenital, cardiac, musculoskeletal, hearing

31
Q

Facial anomalies of FAS

A 
Microcephaly
Flat phiitrum 
Thin upper lip
Retrognathia 
Low nasal
Micropthamia, short palpebral fissures
Cleft palate
32
Q

Facial anomalies of Downs

A 
Brachycephaly
Oblique palpebral fissures
Epicanthic folds
Iris speckes - Brushfieds spots
ow set ears
Flat nasal bridge
High arched palate, protruding tongue
33
Q

What does the heel prick test for?

A 
6-8w
PKU
Congenital hypothyroid
Sickle cell
CF
MCAD
Homocystinuria
MSUD
Glutaric aciduria
Isovaleric acidaemia
34
Q

Tx for BV

A

Metronidazole

35
Q

Features of BV

A

thin white discharge
clue cells
vaginal pH >4.5
whiff test

36
Q

Features Trichomonas Vaginalis

A

Green frothy offensive

Strawberry cervix

37
Q

Tx for Trichomonas Vaginalis

A

Metronidazole

38
Q

Features of Chlamydia

A

thin mild odour discharge
dysuria
IMB
dyspareunia

39
Q

Tx for chlamydia

A

IM cef and oral azithromycin

40
Q

Premature Ovarian Failure definition

A

menopausal sx + elevated gonadotrophins (FSH, LH)

41
Q

Causes of premature ovarian failure

A

Idiopathic
Chemo
Autoimmune
Radiation

42
Q

MI management:

What drugs should everyone w/o CI be given?

A

aspirin
clopidogrel
LMWH

43
Q

MI management:

Who do you give O2 to?

A

Sats

44
Q

MI management:

When do you PCI?

A
45
Q

MI management:

When ans how do you thrombolyse?

A

tPA (alteplase, tenecteplase)
ECG 90 after to look for 50% reduction in ST
if not then PCI

46
Q

MI management:

Glycaemic control

A

insulin infusion to keep BM

47
Q

VBAC

A

Ok if no prev rupture and less than 3 prev C sections
Higher risk of rupture if induced or prolonged
1 in 4 end in C section

48
Q

Parity+Gravida

A

No of pregs carried to 24w (viability)

No of fetuses ever in uterus

49
Q

Placenta praevia classic presentation

A

Painless bright red bleeding after 24w

50
Q

Threatened miscarriage

A

Painless bleeding before 24w

Os closed

51
Q

Missed miscarriage

A

dead fetus before 20w w/o sx of explusion
light bleeding
os closed

52
Q

Inevitable miscarriage

A

heavy bleeding, clots and pain

os open

53
Q

Incomplete miscarriage

A

not all products expelled
pain and bleeding
os open

OSCE (20 decks)

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