Ortho Flashcards
When treat scoliosis
Less than 20 conservative
Greater than 40 surgery
Schmorl’s nodes on X-ray
Scheurmanns disease
Scheurmanns disease
Increase kyphosis
Posture in child initiates concern , seen in middle adolescence
Anterior thoracic spine wedging
Compression fracture most common where ?
T10-L2
Pain on movement, better with rest
Tx: better to walk walk walk, NSAIDs surgery
If prescribe heat, question will want you to also do what?
Educate pt to not fall asleep
When is herniated disk pain worse?
Worse with sitting and valsalva
Better with waking
When is spinal stenosis worse?
Better?
Walking
Better with leaning on cart
Lasegues sign
Ankle dorsiflexion causes pain if lumbar radiculopathy.
Best test for pt you suspect has herniated disc with lumbar radiculopathy
Straight leg raise
Soondylolysis
Pars interarticularis
“Scotty dog fracture”
“Can touch toes no problem, hurts when stand up.”
Gymnast or football lineman
Spondylolysthesis
Two causes:
From a spondylolysis
Degenerative slip
L4/L5 or L5/S1
Most likely fatigue fracture that occurred as adolescent and failed to heal
Failure of posterior vertebral arches to close
Spins bifida
90% of subluxations are anterior or posterior?
Anterior
If posterior: “seizure or electrocution”
What xray view helps see a subluxation
Y view
Bancart lesion
Tears labrum as dislocates
Hill-Sachs Lesion
Recurrent dislocations causes damage to humeral head as it is abraded by rim of glenoid
Rotator cuff
Impingement vs tear
Impingement : pain
Tear : weakness
Best imaging to evaluate for rotator cuff injury?
MRI with arthrogram
Muscle most often injured with rotator cuff injury?
Supraspinatus
Yergason’s test
Supination – forearm Palm up (can hold bowl of soup in it)
Most common location of clavicle fracture
85% in middle one third of clavicle