Ortho

Question 1

When treat scoliosis

Answer 1

Less than 20 conservative

Greater than 40 surgery

Question 2

Schmorl’s nodes on X-ray

Answer 2

Scheurmanns disease

Question 3

Scheurmanns disease

Answer 3

Increase kyphosis

Posture in child initiates concern , seen in middle adolescence

Anterior thoracic spine wedging

Question 4

Compression fracture most common where ?

Answer 4

T10-L2

Pain on movement, better with rest

Tx: better to walk walk walk, NSAIDs surgery

Question 5

If prescribe heat, question will want you to also do what?

Answer 5

Educate pt to not fall asleep

Question 6

When is herniated disk pain worse?

Answer 6

Worse with sitting and valsalva

Better with waking

Question 7

When is spinal stenosis worse?

Better?

Answer 7

Walking

Better with leaning on cart

Question 8

Lasegues sign

Answer 8

Ankle dorsiflexion causes pain if lumbar radiculopathy.

Question 9

Best test for pt you suspect has herniated disc with lumbar radiculopathy

Answer 9

Straight leg raise

Question 10

Soondylolysis

Answer 10

Pars interarticularis
“Scotty dog fracture”

“Can touch toes no problem, hurts when stand up.”

Gymnast or football lineman

Question 11

Spondylolysthesis

Answer 11

Two causes:
From a spondylolysis
Degenerative slip

L4/L5 or L5/S1

Most likely fatigue fracture that occurred as adolescent and failed to heal

Question 12

Failure of posterior vertebral arches to close

Answer 12

Spins bifida

Question 13

90% of subluxations are anterior or posterior?

Answer 13

Anterior

If posterior: “seizure or electrocution”

Question 14

What xray view helps see a subluxation

Answer 14

Y view

Question 15

Bancart lesion

Answer 15

Tears labrum as dislocates

Question 16

Hill-Sachs Lesion

Answer 16

Recurrent dislocations causes damage to humeral head as it is abraded by rim of glenoid

Question 17

Rotator cuff

Impingement vs tear

Answer 17

Impingement : pain

Tear : weakness

Question 18

Best imaging to evaluate for rotator cuff injury?

Answer 18

MRI with arthrogram

Question 19

Muscle most often injured with rotator cuff injury?

Answer 19

Supraspinatus

Question 20

Yergason’s test

Answer 20

Supination – forearm Palm up (can hold bowl of soup in it)

Question 21

Most common location of clavicle fracture

Answer 21

85% in middle one third of clavicle

Question 22

Epicondylitis medial and lateral

Pain with what?

Answer 22

Medial– wrist flexion/ pronation
Golf

Lateral– extension/ supination
Tennis backhand

Question 23

Fat pad sign and anterior sail sign is seen with what fracture

Answer 23

Radial head fracture

Question 24

Median nerve

Sensory?

Motor?

Answer 24

Sensory : digits 1-4

Motor: thenar muscle

Question 25

Finkelsteins test occurs with which condition ?

Answer 25

Dequarvians tensynovitis

Question 26

Carpal tunnel -

Tests

gold standard for diagnosis

Answer 26

Tinel and Phalen’s test

Gold standard: Electrodiagnostic studies

Question 27

Extension fracture from fall on an out stretched hand

Dinner fork deformity

Sprint

Answer 27

Colles fracture

Sugar tong splint

Question 28

Smiths fracture

Answer 28

Flexion fracture of radius

Question 29

Buckle fracture

Answer 29

Torus fracture

Question 30

Boxers fracture

Splint

Answer 30

5th metacarpal fracture

Ulnar gutter splint

Question 31

Pain in anatomical snuff box

Splint type

Answer 31

Scaphoid fracture

May take time to show up on xray-splint and repeat xray in 2 weeks

Thumb spica splint

Question 32

Jersey finger

Answer 32

Inability to fix DIP joint

Usually ring finger

Question 33

Mallet finger

Answer 33

Inability to extend DIP joint

Erica

Question 34

Boutonnière deformity

Answer 34

Inability to extend PIP joint

Question 35

Swan neck deformity

Answer 35

Hyperextension of PIP joint with flexion of DIP joint

Extension splint

Question 36

Sag sign deformity

Answer 36

Posterior cruciate ligament tear

Question 37

Meniscal tear

Answer 37

Effusion grows slower than ACL (6-24h)

Positive McMurrys
Positive Apleys

MRI gold standard

Question 38

ACL

Answer 38

75% have hemarthrosis ** Swell up fast

Question 39

Gamekeepers thumb / skiers thumb

Splint

Answer 39

Injury to ulnar collateral ligaments

Thumb spica splint

Question 40

Depuytrens contracture

Answer 40

Typically affects palmar fascia

Painless lumps that form into cords

Ring and little finger

Age > 40, alcohol abuse ?

Question 41

Osteoarthritis

Answer 41

Large joints

Pain with stairs, movie theater sign

Night pain

Question 42

Hip dislocation

Answer 42

Limb shortened and INTeRNALLY rotated

Question 43

Hip fractures

Answer 43

Shortened leg, typically in EXTERNAL rotation

Question 44

Pain with knee forced into

Valgus

Varus

Answer 44

MCL

ACL

Question 45

Bakers cyst treatment

Answer 45

NSAIDs
Compressive Brace
Aspiration / injection
surgery never works, but can try

Question 46

Adolescent female with knee pain with stair walking and going from seated to standing

Answer 46

Patellofemoral syndrome

Question 47

Pain, pallor, paresthesias, pulselessness, paralysis

Answer 47

Compartment syndrome

Question 48

Burning pain between toes, most commonly the 3rd web space

Answer 48

Mortons neuroma

Question 49

Where is a lisfranc fracture ?

Answer 49

1st and 2nd TMT joint

Question 50

Posterior tibial tendon injury

Answer 50

Can’t walk or do heel rise

“Too many toes sign”

Question 51

Positive Thompson test

Answer 51

Achilles’ tendon rupture

Question 52

More cards:: see notes

Answer 52

Start at fifth metatarsal fracture

Question 53

Para spinal hump

Answer 53

Scoliosis

Question 54

Sodium urate crystals

Answer 54

Gout