Origins And Muscles Flashcards
Mylohyoid
Origin: medial surface of mandible
Insertion: median raphe
Action: raises the floor of mouth and draws the hyoid bone anteriortly
Diagastric
Origin: jugular and mastoid processes
Insertion: inferior border of mandible
Action: depresses the mandible
Masseter
Origin: zygomatic arch
Insertion: lateral surface of mandible
Action: elevates the mandible
Sternomastoid
Origin: manubrium
Insertion:mastoid process
Action: single muscles turn head; both muscles together depress the head and neck
Clavotrapezius
Orgin: superior nuchal line of occipital
Insertion: clavicle
Action: forward extension of humerus, turns head, flexes elbow
Sternohyoid
O: first costal cartilage
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: moves hyoid posteriorly
Pectoantebrachialis
O: manubrium
I: fascia of forelimb at elbow
A: draws forelimb towards chest
Pectoralis major
O: sternum
I: proximal 2/3 of humerus
A: draws forelimb towards chest
Pectoralis minor
O: Sternum
I: proximal 1/2 of humerus
A: draws forelimb toward chest
Xiphihumeralis
O: sternum
I: proximal end of the humerus
A: draws forelimb towards chest
Epitrochlearis
Found in cats only
O: border of latissimus dorsi
I: fascia of forelimb
A: extends elbow
Triceps Brachii (long head)
O: axillary border of humerus
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A: extends elbow
Latissimus dorsi
O: spines of posterior thoracic vertebrae and lumbar vert.
I: medial humerus
A: pulls forelimb dorsal and posteriorly
External oblique
O: lumbodorsal fascia
I: linea alba
A: flex trunk, compresses abdominal viscera
Internal oblique
O: lumbodorsal fascia
I: linea alba
A: flex trunk, compresses abdominal viscera
Transversus abdominis
O: posterior ribs, ilium, lumbar vertebrae
I: linea alba
A: flex trunk, compresses abdominal viscera
Rectus abdominal
O: pubic symphysis
I: sternum
A flexes trunk and compresses abdominal viscera
Serratus ventralis
O: ribs and cervical vertebrae
I: Scapula
A: suspends thorax
Clavotrapezius
O: superior nuchal line of occipital
I: clavicle
A: turns head, flexes elbow, forward extension of humerus
Acromiotrapezius
O: cervical vertebrae and anterior thoracic vertebrae
I: scapular sine and associated fascia
A: holds and moves scapula
Spinotrapezius
O: spines of posterior thoracic vertebrae
I: scapular spine and associated fascia
A: holds and moves scapula
Levator scapulae ventralis
O: occipital bone and atlas
I: metacromion
A: moves scapula forward
Clavobrachialis
O: clavicle
I: proximal end of ulna
A: forward extension of humerus
Acromiodeltoid
O: acromion process
I: proximal end of humerus
A: raises and rotates humerus
Spinodeltoid
O: scapular spine
I: proximal end of humerus
A: raises and rotates humerus
Triceps brachii lateral head
O: axillary border of humerus
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A: extends elbow
Brachioradialis
O: mid humerus
I: distal radius
A: rotates radius, supinates forelimb
Supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: extends humerus
Infraspinatus
O: infra spinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: rotates humerus outward
Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: addicts humerus
Rhomboideus
O: cervical and thoracic vertebral spines
I: vertebral border of scapula
A: pulls scapula posteriorly
Rhomboideus capitus
O: occipital bone
I: vertebral border of scapula
A: pivots scapula
Teres major
O: scapula axillary border
I: proximal humerus
A: rotates humerus and draws it posteriorly
Triceps brachii medial head
O: axillary border of humerus
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A: extends elbow
Sartorius
O: iliac crest
I: tibia, patella, knee fascia
A: adducts and rotates thigh, extends knee
Gracilis
O: ischium and pubic symphysis
I: medial surface of tibia
A: adducts leg and moves leg posteriorly
Tibialis anterior
O: proximal tibia and fibula
I: first metatarsal
A: flexes foot
Iliopsoas
O: ilium and lumbar vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: moves thigh foreword and rotates outward
Pectineus
O: anterior pubis
I: proximal end of femur
A: adducts thigh
Adductor longus
O: pubis
I: femur
A: adducts thigh
Adductor femoris
O: pubis
I: femur
A: adducts thigh
Semimembranosus
O: ischial Tuberosity
I: tibia; proximal end and femur medial Epicondyle
A: extends thigh posteriorly
Semitendinosus
O: ischial Tuberosity
I: medial tibia
A: flexes knee
Tensor fascia latae
O: iliac crest
I: fascia latae
A: flexes thigh
Vastus lateralis
O: lateral femur
I: patella
A: extends knee
Vastus medialis
O: medial femur
I: patella
A: extends knee
Rectus femoris
O: ilium near acetabulum
I: patella
A: extends knee
Vastus intermedius
O: ilium
I: patella
A: extends knee
Caudofemoralis
O: caudal vertebrae second and third
I: patella and fascia of knee
A: abducts thigh
Gluteus Maximus
O: last sacral vertebra and first caudal vert.
I: great trochanter of femur
A: abducts thigh
Gluteus medius
O: ilium and last sacral vert, first caudal vert
I: great trochanter
A: abducts thigh
Biceps femoris
O: ischial Tuberosity
I: patella, tibia and fascia of lower limb
A: abducts thigh and lower limb
Gastrocnemius
O: distal femur
I: calcaneus
A: extends foot
Soleus
O: fibula
I: calcaneus
A: extends foot
Deltoid muscles
- Clavobrachialis
- Acromiodeltoid
- Spinodeltoid
Quadriceps femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus medialis
- Vastus intermedius
Hamstrings
- Semimembranosus
- Semitendinosus
- Biceps femoris