Bones Flashcards
What are the two ends of the clavicle called?
Sternal and Acromial end
What are the sutures of the skull?
- Sagittal
- Coronal
- Squamosal
- Lambdoid
How can you tell if a rib is right or left?
Costal groove and tubercles point down.
How can you tell if a clavicle is left or right?
a. point the flat sternal end toward the midline
b. the clavicle bulges OUT then IN
c. the conoid tubercle must point DOWN
How many ribs are true ribs?
12
How many ribs are false ribs?
5
How many ribs are floating ribs?
2
What part of the sternum is between the manubrium and xiphoid process?
Body
What notches are located on the manubrium?
- Jugular notch
- Sternoclavicular joint
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
5
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7
How many curves in the spine? What are they called?
4 curves in the spine
- cervical curvature
- thoracic curvature
- lumbar curvature
- sacral curvature
Bone in nasal cavity between nasal conchae.
Perpendicular plate
What is the name of pit located on lacrimal bone?
Lacrimal groove
Notch located above orbit.
Superior orbital foramen/notch
What is a Tubercle?
A small rounded process
What is a Trochanter?
A very large often blunt process.
What is a Fossa?
A bony depression or pit.
What is a Facet?
A smooth flattened articulating surface
What is the name of the wrist bones?
Carpals
What is a Tuberousity?
?A large rounded or irregular process
What is a spine/spinous?
A sharp projection
What is a Foramen?
A bony depression or pit.
What are the names of the first two cervical vertebrae?
Atlas and Axis
What is the name of the articulating projection on the axis vertebrae?
Dens
Name of long arm bone
Humerus
Name the 3 fossa on the scapula and where they are located.
- Glenoid foss; located on lateral aspect of scapula (large and round)
2.
How many fused vertebrae are in the sacrum?
5
How many fused vertebrae in coccyx?
3-5
What two bones make up the hard palate?
Maxilla bones and palatine bone.
What is the name of the process on the temporal bone that articulates with the zygomatic bone?
Zygomatic process
Name of soft spot on top of baby’s head.
Anterior Fontanelle
Name of soft spot on the back of baby’s head.
Posterior Fontanelle
Name of both of the lateral fontanelles
Mastoid Fontanelle and sphenoid Fontanelle
Name of smooth articulating surfaces on ribs.
Costal facets
What does the transverse costal facet articulate with?
Tubercle of rib
Name of grove located inferior side of the rib.
Costal groove
A Demifacet does what?
Articulates with head of the rib.
What is a Condyle?
A rounded articulating process
What is a Process?
Any bony projection
What is an Epicondyle?
A projection located above a Condyle
What is a Crest?
A prominent ridge of bone
Foramen
A round or oval hole in a bone through which nerves or blood vessels pass
Sinus
A cavity within a bone
What is a Meatus?
A short tubular passage through bone or an opening
Fissure
A narrow, slit like opening
How do you tell a right rib from a left rib?
- Head articulates with vertebrae
- costal groove is inferior and posterior
- the shaft curves inferiorly
How do you tell a right from a left scapula?
- hold the bone with the spine facing YOU and the apex facing DOWN
- if the acromion faces left - it is a left scapula
- NOTE: the corocoid process is spelled with a “c” and so is “scapula”
How do you tell a right from a left humerus?
Humerus - hold the bone so that the capitulum and trochlea face YOU (anterior)
-if the head faces left - it is a left humerus
How do you tell a right from a left radius (lateral most thumb side)?
- orient the bone with the round head UP and the distal end DOWN
- look at “bumps” at the distal end
- look for the styloid process at the distal end
- if it is on the right side - it is a right radius
How to tell a right ulna from a left
Ulna - face the trochlear notch away from you (U-shaped process) and look at the olecranon
- ask yourself - on what side is the radial notch?
- if it is on the right - it is a right ulna
How to tell right from left hand
- look at the movement of the thumb-it cannot move posteriorly
- thumb is lateral (anatomical position)
How can you tell a right from a left hip bone?
- articular surface is anterior and medial
- lilac fossa is anterior on the ilium
How can you tell a right from a left femur?
- the head must face IN and the lesser trochanter must be on the BACK side of the bone
- so hold the bone so that the head is on top and the trochanters are on the BACK surface of the bone
- if the head faces left - it is a left femur
How to tell a right from left patella
- Posterior surface has articular facets
- the apex is inferior
- lateral articular facet is most extensive.
How do you tell a right from a left clavicle?
a. point the flat sternal end toward the midline
b. the clavicle bulges OUT then IN
c. the conoid tubercle must point DOWN
Cal
Calcaneus (tarsal the largest one)
Told
Talus (tarsal after calcaneus)
Norma
Navicular (tarsal after talus)
Milk
Medial Cuneiform (tarsal after navicular)
Is
Intermediate Cuneiform (tarsal after medial cuneiform)
Like
Lateral cuneiform (tarsal after intermediate cuneiform)
Cream
Cuboid (tarsal after lateral tarsal)
Types of ossification
- endochondral ossification
- intramembranous ossification
