Origins and Insertions Flashcards
Gastrocnemius O
O:
Medial and Lateral Condyles of femur (Posterior)
Gastrocnemius I
I:
Calcaneus via Achilles Tendon
Gastrocnemius N
N:
Tibial Nerve
Gastrocnemius A
A:
- Ankle plantarflexion when knee is extended
- Assists with knee flexion when ankle is dorsiflexed
Tibialis Anterior
O-1
O-1:
Lateral condyle of tibia
Tibialis Anterior
O-2
O-2:
Upper 2/3 tibial shaft
Tibialis Anterior
I-1
I-1:
Inferior surface medial cuneiform
Tibialis Anterior
I-2
I-2:
Inferior surface 1st metatarsal
Tibialis Anterior
N
N:
Peroneal Nerve
Tibialis Anterior
A
A: Ankle dorsiflexion (prime mover)
Semimembranosus
O
O:
Ischial tuberosity
Semimembranosus
I
I:
Medial condyle of tibia
Semimembranosus
N
N:
Sciatic Nerve
Semimembranosus
A
A:
- Hip extension
- Knee flexion
- Hip internal rotation
Biceps Femoris (long head) O-1
O-1:
Ischial tuberosity
Biceps Femoris (long head) O-2
O-2:
Linear Aspera
Biceps Femoris (long head) I-1
I-1:
Head of fibula
Biceps Femoris (long head) I-2
I-2:
Lateral condyle of tibia
Biceps Femoris (long head) N:
N:
Sciatic nerve
Biceps Femoris (long head) A:
A:
- Hip extension
- Knee flexion
Adductor Longus
O
O:
Anterior pubis
Adductor Longus
I
I:
Linear Aspera
Adductor Longus
N
N:
Obturator Nerve
Adductor Longus
A
A:
- Hip adduction
- Hip internal rotation
- Hip flexion
Rectus femoris
O
O:
Anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum
Rectus femoris
I
I:
Patella and Tibial Tuberosity (via patellar tendon)
Rectus femoris
N
N:
Femoral Nerve
Rectus femoris
A:
A:
Knee extension + assists with hip flexion
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
O
O:
Lateral epicondyle
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
I:
I:
Base of 5th metacarpal (Dorsal side)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
N
N: Radial nerve (Branch)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
A
A:
Wrist extension
- Ulnar deviation of wrist
- Stabilizes wrist during finger extension (in concert with flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O
O:
Medial epicondyle
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
I-1
I-1:
Pisiform & Hamate
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
I-2
I-2:
Base of 5th metacarpal (ventral side)
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
N
N:
Ulnar nerve
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
A
A:
- Wrist flexion
- Ulnar deviation of wrist
- Stabilizes wrist during finger extension (in concert with extensor carpi ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O
O:
Medial epicondyle
Flexor Carpi Radialis
I
I:
Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Flexor Carpi Radialis
N
N:
Median nerve
Flexor Carpi Radialis
A
A:
- Wrist flexion
- Radial deviation of wrist
Biceps Brachii (short and long head) O-1
O-1:
Coracoid Process
Biceps Brachii (short and long head) O-2
O-2:
Supraglenoid tubercle via intertubercular groove (into joint capsule often joining the superior glenoid labrum)
Biceps Brachii (short and long head) I
I:
Radial tuberosity
Biceps Brachii (short and long head) N
N:
Musculocutaneous nerve
Biceps Brachii (short and long head) A
A:
- Elbow flexion
- Forearm supination (if accompanies flexion)
Triceps Brachii (Long and Lateral Heads) O-1
O-1:
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Triceps Brachii (Long and Lateral Heads) O-2
O-2:
Posterior shaft of humerus
Triceps Brachii (Long and Lateral Heads) I
I:
Olecranon process
Triceps Brachii (Long and Lateral Heads) N
N:
Radial Nerve
Triceps Brachii (Long and Lateral Heads) A
A: Elbow extension (prime mover)
Deltoid
O
Same as trapezius insertions, on inferior side of structures
Deltoid
O-1
O-1
Acromion
Deltoid
O-2
O-2
Scapular spine
Deltoid
O-3
O-3
Lateral clavicle
Deltoid
I
I:
Deltoid tuberosity
Deltoid
N
N:
Axillary nerve
Deltoid
A
A:
- Shoulder abduction (prime mover)
- Shoulder flexion + internal rotation (anterior fibers)
- Shoulder extension + external rotation (posterior fibers)
Rectus Abdominis
O-1
O-1
Pubic crest
Rectus Abdominis
O-2
O-2
Pubic symphysis
Rectus Abdominis
I-1
I-1
Xiphoid Process
Rectus Abdominis
I-2
I-2
Costal cartilage of ribs 5-7
Rectus Abdominis
N
N
Intercostal Nerves
Rectus Abdominis
A
A:
- Flexes & rotates trunk
- Stabilizes pelvis while walking
- Increases intra-abdominal pressure
Pectoralis Major
O-1
O-1
Medial clavicle
Pectoralis Major
O-2
O-2
Sternal border and costal cartilage 1-6
Pectoralis Major
I
I:
Intertubercular groove of humerus
Pectoralis Major
N
N:
Pectoral Nerve
Pectoralis Major
A
A:
- Shoulder flexion (prime mover)
- Shoulder internal rotation
- Shoulder adduction
- Can lift rib cage (scapula & arm fixed)
Trapezius
O-1
O-1
Occipital bone
Trapezius
O-2
O-2
Spinous Processes C7 & T1-T12
Trapezius
I-1
I-1
Acromion
Trapezius
I-2
I-2
Scapular Spine
Trapezius
I-3
I-3
Lateral Clavicle
Trapezius
N:
N
Accessory Nerve
Trapezius
A
A: Stabilizes scapula in 3 planes + - Elevates (upper) = shrugging - Retracts (middle) - Depresses (lower)
Sternocleidomastoid
O-1
O-1
Manubrium of Sternum
Sternocleidomastoid
O-2
O-2
Medial Clavicle
Sternocleidomastoid
I
I
Mastoid Process
Sternocleidomastoid
N:
N: Accessory nerve (XI)
Sternocleidomastoid
A
A:
- Flexes neck (against gravity)
- Rotates head to opposite side
- Side-bends head to same side
Masseter
O
O
Zygomatic Arch
Masseter
I
I
Mandibular Angle & Ramus
Masseter
N
N: Trigeminal Nerve (V)
Occipitalis (occipital belly)
O
O:
Occipital & Temporal Bones
Occipitalis (occipital belly)
I
I:
Epicranial aponeurosis
Occipitalis (occipital belly)
N
N: Facial Nerve (VII)
Occipitalis (occipital belly)
A:
Fixes aponeurosis
Frontalis (frontal belly)
O
O:
Epicranial aponeurosis
Frontalis (frontal belly)
I
I:
Skin above eyes & nose
Frontalis (frontal belly)
N:
N: Facial nerve (VII)
Frontalis (frontal belly)
A:
A:
Raises eyebrow when aponeurosis is ‘fixed.’
Epicranius=
Occipitofrontalis
