Organisation - Circulatory System Flashcards
What makes blood?
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Platelets
Plasma
What are red blood cells?
Carry oxygen around the body.
Biconcave shape - no nucleus - large surface area for oxygen diffusion.
Contains haemoglobin
What are platelets?
Stick together to form a clot.
Can change shape to clot blood vessels.
What is plasma?
Carry dissolved nutrients.
Can transport a range a of substances.
List some of the characteristics of arteries.
They carry oxygenated high pressure blood away from the heart.
They have a small hole and thick wall, no valves.
List some characteristics of veins.
They carry deoxgenated low pressure blood to the heart.
Thin walls and large lumen, valves.
List some characteristics of capillaries.
Carries oxygenated and non-oxygenated blood.
Exchanges oxygen and nutrients with tissue.
High pressure
Tiny lumen
Wall - single cell thick
Valves
What do valves do?
Stop blood backwards.
Fill in the gaps:
The …………… takes blood to the …………
On the right side is the left….. and left ventricle.
On the left side is the ………..and ………
The ….takes blood to the …
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through …..
Oxygenated blood enters the heart through…….
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Atrium
Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Aorta
Body
Vena Cava
Pulmonary vein
What is a stent?
Widens a narrowed artery.
Balloon inflates stent expands.
Prevents heart attack.
Long lasting
Lower risk of heart attack
Risk of infection and blood clots.
What are statins?
Lower amount of cholesterol in blood.
Reduce risk of heart attack, cheap and safe.
Side effects e.g sickness and liver failure.
What is a valve replacement?
Biological - Humans or pigs
Mechanical - Man - made
Replace damaged valves.
Easier than whole heart transplant and long lasting.
Major surgery risks and long recovering etc.
What is an artificial pacemaker?
Small electrical device implanted in chest.
Sends electrical pulses to keep heart beating.
Safe and better quality of life.
Uncomfortable.
What is a heart transplant?
Replace a damaged or failing heart from donor who has recently died.
Healthy Heart
Long recovery, risky, side effects etc.
What is an artificial heart?
Plastic device - replace patients heart ventricles.
Won’t fail
Expensive, risk of blood clots etc
