Cells - Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from high to low concentration.
What is equilibrium?
When the same number of particles are on each side.
How can you increase the rate of diffusion?
Distance particles have to travel, concentration gradient, surface area and temperature.
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water/ low solute concentration to an area of low water/high solute concentration across a partially permeable membrane.
What happens to the percentage change in mass as the concentration increases?
Decreases
What is a hypertonic solution?
High water concentration inside cell - water moves out.
What is and isotonic solution?
Concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell are the same.
What is a hypotonic solution?
Low water concentration inside cell - water moves in.
How do you calculate the percentage change in mass?
change of mass/initial mass x100
What is active transport?
Movement of substances from a low to a high concentration, against a concentration gradient, using energy.
Name an example of active transport in a animal and plant
Animal - glucose moved from the small intestine into the blood.
Plant - mineral ions.
How are the villi and alveoli adapted for absorption?
Large surface area, thin walls, both have capillaries and villi have mitochondria.
