Organic Routes Flashcards
Alkene to polyalkene
High pressure catalyst
Alkene to dihaloalkene
(Mechanism and reagents + condition)
Br2 / Cl2 at room temp
Electrophilic Addition
Dihaloalakane to diol
Mechanism and RC
KOH aqueous
Heat under reflux
Nucleophilic substitution
Alkene to alcohol
(2 steps each)
Step 1 reagent and mechanism
Step 2 reaction and reagent
Step 1 is h2so4 (Electrophilic addition )
Step 2 is hydration with warm H2O
Alkene to haloalkane
Reagent and condition
Mechanism
HBr or HCl at room temp
Electrophilic Addiiton
Alkane to haloalkane
Reagent and condition
Cl2 or Br2
UV light
Alcohol to Alkene
Reagent + condition
Mechanism
Conc h2so4
Elimination / dehydration
Haloalkene to Alkene
Reagent + condition
Condition
Mechanism
KOH alcoholic
Heat under reflux
Elimination
Haloalkane to alcohol
Reagent + condition
Condition
Mechanism
KOH aqueous
Heat under reflux
Nucleophilic sub
Alcohol to aldehydes and ketones
What is the difference in condition
Oxidation
Acidified potassium dichromate solution
Aldehyde is heat and distill
Aldehyde or Ketone to alcohol
Reagent and mechanism
Nucleophilic Addition
NaBH4
Aldehyde or Keton to hydroxynitrile
Mechanism and reagents (2)
KCN + h2so4
Nucleophilic Addition
Aldehyde to carboxylic acid
Reagent and condition
Excess oxidising agent
Heat under reflux
Alcohol to ester
(Name of reaction)
2 reagents
Carboxylic acid + h2so4
Esterification reaction
Carboxylic acid to ester
Reagents (2)
Reaction
Alcohol + H2so4
Esterification - heat
Acyl chloride to ester
Condition and reagent
Mechanism
Alcohol room temp
Nucleophilic addition elimination
Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid
Reagent
Mechanism
Water
Nucleophilic addition elimination
Acyl chloride to primary amide
Reagent
Mechanism
NH3
Nucleophilic addition elimination
Acyl chloride to secondary amide
Reagent
Condition
Primary amine
Nucleophilic addition elimination
Primary amine to secondary tertiary etc amines
Reagent
Mechanism
Haloalkane
Nucleophilic sub
Primary amine to secondary amide
Reagent
Mechanism
Acyl chloride
Nucleophilic addition elimination
Nitrile to primary amine
Reaction
Condition
Reduction
LiALH4 in ether
Haloalkane to nitrile
Reagent and its conditionS
Condition
Mechanism
KCN ethanolic aqueous
Heat under reflux
Nucleophilic sub
Haloalkane to primary amine
Condition
Mechanism
Reagent
Alcoholic ammonia
Nucleophilic sub
Heat under pressure
Benzene to phenylketone
Reaction
Condition
Friedel crafts acylation
AlCl3 Catalyst
Acyl chloride
Benzene to nitrobenzene
Reaction
Reagents (2)
Condition
Concentrated h2so4
Concentrated hno3
Below 55 degrees c
Nitration
Nitrobenzene to aromatic amine
Reaction
Reagents (3)
Reduction
Sn and conc HCl and naoh
Aromatic amine to n sub amide
Reagent
Mechanism
Acyl chloride
Nucleophilic addition elimination
