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Chemistry > Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Acids And Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a bronsted Lowry acid

A

A substance that can donate a proton

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2
Q

What is a bronsted Lowry base

A

A substance that can accept a proton

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3
Q

What is the equation for calculating pH

A

pH = -log[H+]

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4
Q

Difference between strong acids and weak acids

A

Strong acids completely / fully dissociate

Weak acids only slightly dissociate into their ions

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5
Q

What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a monoprotic acid

A

The same as the concentration of the acid

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6
Q

What is Kw
What is the formula

A

The ionic product of water

Kw = [H+] [OH-]

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7
Q

What is the standard value of Kw
(Units)

A

1 x 10^-14 mol2dm-6

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8
Q

What type of reaction is the dissociation of water

A

Endothermic

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9
Q

What do we assume when calculating ph of pure water

A

That the concentration of hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of OH - ions

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10
Q

How do we calculate the pH of strong bases

A

Use the kw expression to work out the concentration of hydrogen ions
And then use that to calculate the ph

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11
Q

What is the equilibrium equation for weak acids

A

HA -><- H+ + A-

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12
Q

What is the weak acid dissociation expression

A

Ka = [h][a] / [ha]

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13
Q

How do you calculate pKa and Ka from each other

A

pKa = -log aka

Ka = 10^-pka

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14
Q

What are 2 assumptions when calculating the ph of a weak acid

A

That H conc is the same as A - conc since they dissociate with 1:1 ratio

That concentration of HA is constant

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15
Q

What is the simplied expression for Ka

A

[H+]^2 / (HA)

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16
Q

What assumption can we make at half equivalence point

A

That ph = pKa

And (Ha) = (h-)

17
Q

What is half equivalence

A

When weak acid has reaction with exactly half the neutralisation volume of the alkali

18
Q

What is a buffer solution

A

Solution where the ph doesn’t change significantly if small amounts of acid or alkali are added to it

19
Q

What is an acidic buffer solution made from

A

A weak acid and a salt of that weak acid (made from reacting the weak acid with a strong base )

20
Q

How is a basic buffer solution made

A

A weak base and a salt of that weak base (made from reacting weak base with strong acid)

21
Q

What equation is used for calculating ph of buffer solutions

A

H = ka x (ha) / (a-)

22
Q

Why are ph meters calibrated

A

They lose accuracy on storage

23
Q

What indicator is used with strong bases
What’s the colour change

A

Phenopthaelin

Colourless acid
Pink alkali

24
Q

What indicator is used with strong acids
What’s the colour change

A

Methyl orange
Red acid
Yellow alkali

Chemistry (23 decks)

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